Integrated wind-wave control of semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine platforms (FOWT-Control)

半潜式浮动海上风力发电机平台的综合风浪控制（FOWT-Control）

• 批准号: EP/W009684/1
• 负责人: Guang Li
• 金额: $ 49万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW009684%2F1
• 关键词: Integrated; wind; wave; control; semi

Offshore wind energy is becoming a major electricity provider with future expansion in deep water. Floating platforms can access water depths typically greater than 30 m, but have the disadvantage of platform motions due to combined waves and time varying thrust from turbine motion. Platform stabilisation is critically important for improving performance, reducing downtime and enabling safe access. Lost electrical output alone for a proposed 15 MW machine can be £20k per day at today's prices. Moreover, misalignment of the turbine axis with wind direction due to yaw and pitch causes power loss and undesirable blade stresses. In addition to pitch and surge in the wave direction, roll and yaw cross wave may occur due to multi-directional wave fields. Thus this project has two distinct aims both impacting on through life cost: Aim 1: to optimally minimise platform motion during power production by integrated (holistic) preview control of wave and wind effects on platform and turbines. A key reliability goal is to ensure acceleration at the nacelle due to pitch and surge is less than the recommended 0.2-0.3g, and to minimise damaging electrical surges and fatigue of structural components. Aim 2: to absolutely minimise platform motion for safe maintenance during personnel and material transfers by boat or helicopter and minimise debilitating motion effects on personnel during maintenance work. The illustrative case employed is the popular semi-sub floater concept which has comparatively shallow draft and simple deployment. Platform stabilisation will be achieved by combining: (i) pumped tank control between semi-sub columns to minimise pitch and roll as employed in ships, (ii) blade pitch control, already used in wind turbine control and (iii) yaw control for alignment with the wind direction. This multi-objective non-causal control problem requires future knowledge of both wave and wind forcing functions to achieve optimality.

随着未来在深水领域的扩张，海上风能正在成为主要的电力供应来源。浮动平台通常可以进入水深超过30米的水域，但由于波浪和涡轮机运动产生的时变推力，平台运动存在缺点。平台稳定性对于提高性能、减少停机时间和实现安全访问至关重要。以今天的价格计算，仅一台拟议中的15兆瓦机器每天的电力输出损失就可能达到2万英镑。此外，由于偏航和俯仰导致的涡轮机轴与风向不对准会导致功率损失和不良的叶片应力。除了波浪方向上的俯仰和浪涌外，由于多向波场的存在，还可能产生横摇和偏航横摇。因此，该项目有两个不同的目标，这两个目标都影响到整个生命周期的成本：目标1：通过对平台和涡轮机上的波浪和风力影响的集成（整体）预览控制，最大限度地减少电力生产过程中的平台运动。一个关键的可靠性目标是确保机舱内由俯仰和浪涌引起的加速度小于推荐的0.2-0.3g，并最大限度地减少破坏性的电涌和结构部件的疲劳。目标2：在船只或直升机运送人员和材料时，尽量减少平台的运动，以确保安全维护；在维护工作期间，尽量减少运动对人员的影响。所采用的说明性案例是流行的半潜浮子概念，它具有相对浅的吃水和简单的部署。平台的稳定将通过以下方式实现：(i)半分柱之间的泵舱控制，以最小化船舶上使用的俯仰和横摇；（ii）叶片俯仰控制，已用于风力涡轮机控制；（iii）偏航控制，以对准风向。这个多目标非因果控制问题需要未来的波浪和风强迫函数的知识来实现最优。