Integrated wind-wave control of semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine platforms (FOWT-Control)

半潜式浮动海上风力发电机平台的综合风浪控制（FOWT-Control）

• 批准号: EP/W009684/1
• 负责人: Guang Li
• 金额: $ 49万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW009684%2F1
• 关键词: Integrated; wind; wave; control; semi

Offshore wind energy is becoming a major electricity provider with future expansion in deep water. Floating platforms can access water depths typically greater than 30 m, but have the disadvantage of platform motions due to combined waves and time varying thrust from turbine motion. Platform stabilisation is critically important for improving performance, reducing downtime and enabling safe access. Lost electrical output alone for a proposed 15 MW machine can be £20k per day at today's prices. Moreover, misalignment of the turbine axis with wind direction due to yaw and pitch causes power loss and undesirable blade stresses. In addition to pitch and surge in the wave direction, roll and yaw cross wave may occur due to multi-directional wave fields. Thus this project has two distinct aims both impacting on through life cost: Aim 1: to optimally minimise platform motion during power production by integrated (holistic) preview control of wave and wind effects on platform and turbines. A key reliability goal is to ensure acceleration at the nacelle due to pitch and surge is less than the recommended 0.2-0.3g, and to minimise damaging electrical surges and fatigue of structural components. Aim 2: to absolutely minimise platform motion for safe maintenance during personnel and material transfers by boat or helicopter and minimise debilitating motion effects on personnel during maintenance work. The illustrative case employed is the popular semi-sub floater concept which has comparatively shallow draft and simple deployment. Platform stabilisation will be achieved by combining: (i) pumped tank control between semi-sub columns to minimise pitch and roll as employed in ships, (ii) blade pitch control, already used in wind turbine control and (iii) yaw control for alignment with the wind direction. This multi-objective non-causal control problem requires future knowledge of both wave and wind forcing functions to achieve optimality.

海上风能正在成为主要的电力供应商，未来将在深水中扩展。浮式平台可以进入通常大于30 m的水深，但是由于波浪和来自涡轮机运动的时变推力的组合而具有平台运动的缺点。平台稳定对于提高性能、减少停机时间和实现安全访问至关重要。以今天的价格计算，一台拟议的15兆瓦机器的电力输出损失可能是每天2万英镑。此外，由于偏航和俯仰，涡轮机轴线与风向的不对准导致功率损失和不期望的叶片应力。由于波浪场的多向性，除了沿波浪方向的纵摇和纵荡外，还可能产生横摇和横摇交叉波。因此，该项目有两个不同的目标，这两个目标都影响到整个寿命成本：目标1：通过对平台和涡轮机上的波浪和风效应进行综合（整体）预览控制，最大限度地减少发电过程中的平台运动。一个关键的可靠性目标是确保机舱因俯仰和浪涌而产生的加速度小于推荐的0.2-0.3g，并尽量减少破坏性的电涌和结构部件的疲劳。目标二：在人员和材料通过船或直升机转移期间，绝对最大限度地减少平台运动，以实现安全维护，并在维护工作期间最大限度地减少对人员的不利运动影响。所采用的说明性案例是流行的半潜式浮体概念，该概念具有相对较浅的吃水深度和简单的部署。平台稳定性将通过以下方式实现：（i）半子柱之间的泵送罐控制，以最大限度地减少船舶中采用的俯仰和横摇;（ii）叶片俯仰控制，已用于风力涡轮机控制;以及（iii）偏航控制，以与风向对齐。这个多目标的非因果控制问题需要未来的知识，波浪和风强迫功能，以实现最优。