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System-level Co-design and Control of Large Capacity Wave Energy Converters with Multiple PTOs

具有多个 PTO 的大容量波浪能转换器的系统级协同设计与控制

基本信息

批准号：
EP/V040650/1
负责人：
Guang Li
金额：
$ 66.64万
依托单位：
Queen Mary University of London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV040650%2F1
关键词：
System level Co design Control

项目摘要

Marine wave energy is still less mature than wind, with perceived higher levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Various commercial initiatives have unfortunately failed and there is no convergence of design concept for waves as there is for wind and marine turbines. This is due to various reasons, principally low equipment capacity factor, low conversion efficiency, uncertain survivability and poor power quality. Wave energy converters (WECs) consist of multiple energy conversion stages and components to capture wave energy and convert it to electricity. These components across the conversion stages have interactions and constraints. Optimal operation of each single component does not imply the optimality of the whole system. Most efforts have been made to improve the performance of particular components in each stage. This cannot guarantee low-risk robust optimality of the whole system due to failure to include the effects of the couplings of dynamics and constraints between: (i) the conversion stages in hardware design, (ii) control and (iii) the constraints made by operational requirements. These issues can be tackled by device design, controller design and the integrated design of both device and controller, i.e. co-design. For example, the maximisation of energy capture from waves can result in power spikes in generators and high voltage and current values in power electronic converters, which make the components out of their optimal operational range and even cause damages. Thus this is a muti-objective multi-variable optimal design and control problem in coupled multidisciplinary domains subject to mixed-constraints and dynamics across domains of hydrodynamic, electric generator, power electronics and super-capacitor for energy storage. In this project we develop a systematic control design framework based on wave-to-wire model describing the dynamics for whole energy capture and conversion process of the WEC system to achieve an optimal balance between electricity output maximisation and power smooth. By integrating the proposed W2W optimal control into device design, we can further achieve the system-level co-design of the WEC system to find the lowest LCOE by balancing with the hardware cost, especially the cost from the power-take-off (PTO). Furthermore, we incorporate deterministic sea wave prediction (DSWP) into our controller design to approximate the Falnes non-causal optimality. DSWP can also enable the shut-down mechanism to the control framework to enlarge the safety window for WEC operation and thus further improve the energy output and reliability.We focus on the multi-float and multi-PTO large capacity WECs because the multiple PTOs can provide extra freedom to maximise the energy output and smooth the power flow, by coordinating the PTOs. This can bring much more challenges in control and co-design compared with the benchmark point absorbers which have been studied extensively as a benchmark problem. In particular, we employ a well-designed multi-float multi-PTO large capacity WEC, M4 as a case study, with the benefits of available tank-validated linear hydrodynamic designs. We then investigate the generality and transferability of the proposed control and co-design approaches using the WECs of our industrial partners.

海洋波浪能仍然不如风能成熟，具有更高的平准化能源成本（LCOE）。不幸的是，各种商业计划都失败了，并且没有像风力和海洋涡轮机那样的波浪设计概念的融合。这是由于各种原因，主要是设备容量因数低，转换效率低，生存能力不确定和电能质量差。波浪能转换器（WEC）由多个能量转换级和组件组成，用于捕获波浪能并将其转换为电能。跨转换阶段的这些组件具有交互作用和约束。每个单独部件的最优操作并不意味着整个系统的最优性。已经做出了大部分努力来改善每个阶段中特定组件的性能。这不能保证整个系统的低风险鲁棒最优性，这是由于未能包括动力学和约束之间的耦合的影响：（i）硬件设计中的转换阶段，（ii）控制和（iii）操作要求的约束。这些问题可以通过器件设计、控制器设计以及器件和控制器的集成设计（即协同设计）来解决。例如，从波浪中捕获能量的最大化可能导致发电机中的功率尖峰以及电力电子转换器中的高电压和电流值，这使得组件超出其最佳操作范围，甚至导致损坏。因此，这是一个多目标多变量的优化设计和控制问题耦合多学科领域的混合约束和动力学跨域的水动力，发电机，电力电子和超级电容器储能。在这个项目中，我们开发了一个系统的控制设计框架的基础上波线模型描述的动态整个能量捕获和转换过程的WEC系统，以实现最佳的平衡之间的电力输出最大化和功率平滑。通过将所提出的W2W最优控制集成到设备设计中，我们可以进一步实现WEC系统的系统级协同设计，以通过与硬件成本，特别是来自功率输出（PTO）的成本进行平衡来找到最低的LCOE。此外，我们将确定性海浪预测（DSWP）到我们的控制器设计近似的Falnes非因果最优。DSWP还可以使关闭机制的控制框架，以扩大安全窗口的WEC运行，从而进一步提高能量输出和可靠性。我们专注于多浮和多PTO大容量WEC，因为多个PTO可以提供额外的自由度，以最大限度地提高能量输出和平稳的功率流，通过协调PTO。这可能会带来更多的控制和协同设计的挑战相比，已经被广泛研究的基准点吸波器作为一个基准问题。特别是，我们采用了一个精心设计的多浮多PTO大容量WEC，M4作为案例研究，与可用的坦克验证的线性流体动力学设计的好处。然后，我们调查的一般性和可转让性的建议控制和协同设计方法使用我们的工业合作伙伴的WEC。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Modelling and Control Tank Testing Validation for Attenuator Type Wave Energy Converter - Part II: Linear Noncausal Optimal Control and Deterministic Sea Wave Prediction Tank Testing

DOI：
10.1109/tste.2023.3246173
发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Zhijing Liao;Tao Sun;Mustafa Al-ani;L. Jordan;Guang Li;Zhenchun Wang;Michael Belmont;Christopher Edwards;Siyuan Zhan
通讯作者：
Zhijing Liao;Tao Sun;Mustafa Al-ani;L. Jordan;Guang Li;Zhenchun Wang;Michael Belmont;Christopher Edwards;Siyuan Zhan

A Sea-State-Dependent Control Strategy for Wave Energy Converters: Power Limiting in Large Wave Conditions and Energy Maximising in Moderate Wave Conditions

波浪能转换器的与海况相关的控制策略：大波浪条件下的功率限制和中波浪条件下的能量最大化