Hi-CAES: High Performance Compressed Air Energy Storage Elevated through High-Temperature Thermal Storage

Hi-CAES：通过高温蓄热提升高性能压缩空气储能

• 批准号: EP/W027372/1
• 负责人: Jihong Wang
• 金额: $ 137.19万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW027372%2F1
• 关键词: Hi; CAES; Performance; Compressed; Air

Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) uses compressors to produce pressurised air while excessive power is available; the pressurised air is then stored in air reservoirs and will be released via a turbine to generate electricity when needed. Compared with other energy storage technologies, CAES has some highly attractive features including large scale, long duration, and low cost. However, its low round trip energy efficiency (the best CAES plant currently in operation has a 60.2% round trip efficiency) and low energy density cause major concerns for commercial deployment. The conversion of electricity to heat and storing the heat via thermal storage is a relatively mature and a highly efficient technology; but the conversion of the stored thermal energy back to electricity has a low energy efficiency (less than 40%) through (conventional and organic) Rankine cycles, thermoelectric generators, and recently proposed thermophotovoltaics. The project aims to develop a Hi-CAES technology, which integrates the CAES with high-temperature thermal energy storage (HTES) to achieve high energy conversion efficiency, high energy and power density, and operation flexibility. The technology uses HTES to elevate CAES power rate and also convert high-temperature thermal energy to electricity using compressed air - a natural working fluid. The proposed technology is expected to increase CAES's electricity-to-electricity efficiency to over 70% and overall energy efficiency to over 90% with additional energy supply for heating and cooling. The proposed Hi-CAES will also increase the storage energy density and system power rate significantly. Meanwhile, the technology can convert the stored thermal energy into electrical power with a much higher energy conversion efficiency and lower system cost than current thermoelectrical energy storage technologies. With the integration of HTES with CAES, the system dynamic characteristics and operation flexibility can be much improved in terms of charging and discharging processes. This will place Hi-CAES in a better financial position as it can generate revenue through certain high market value fast response grid balance service. The goal of the project is to improve both the CAES efficiency and energy density considerably through the integration with a HTES system. The research will address the technical and scientifically challenges for realisation of the Hi-CAES system and societal challenges of deep power system decarbonisation.

压缩空气储能（CAES）使用压缩机在可用功率过大的情况下产生压缩空气；压缩后的空气被储存在储气罐中，并在需要时通过涡轮机释放出来发电。与其他储能技术相比，CAES具有规模大、持续时间长、成本低等极具吸引力的特点。然而，它的低往返能源效率（目前运行的最佳CAES工厂的往返效率为60.2%）和低能量密度引起了商业部署的主要担忧。将电转化为热，并通过蓄热储存热量是一项相对成熟和高效的技术；但是通过（传统的和有机的）朗肯循环、热电发电机和最近提出的热光伏，将储存的热能转换回电能的能源效率很低（不到40%）。该项目旨在开发Hi-CAES技术，该技术将CAES与高温热能储存（HTES）相结合，以实现高能量转换效率、高能量和功率密度以及操作灵活性。该技术使用HTES来提高CAES的功率速率，并使用压缩空气（一种天然工作流体）将高温热能转换为电能。拟议的技术有望将CAES的电力效率提高到70%以上，整体能源效率提高到90%以上，并提供额外的能源用于供暖和制冷。所提出的Hi-CAES还将显著提高存储能量密度和系统功率率。同时，该技术可以将储存的热能转化为电能，比现有的热电储能技术具有更高的能量转换效率和更低的系统成本。将HTES与CAES集成后，在充放电过程中可以大大提高系统的动态特性和运行灵活性。这将使Hi-CAES处于更好的财务状况，因为它可以通过某些高市场价值的快速响应电网平衡服务产生收入。该项目的目标是通过与HTES系统的集成，大大提高CAES的效率和能量密度。该研究将解决实现Hi-CAES系统的技术和科学挑战以及深度电力系统脱碳的社会挑战。

项目成果

Liquid air energy storage technology: a comprehensive review of research, development and deployment

• DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/aca26a
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Progress in Energy
• 作者: Ting Liang;Tongtong Zhang;Xipeng Lin;Tafone Alessio;Mathieu Legrand;Xiufen He;H. Kildahl