QUANtum Transport for Advanced Spintronics: QUANTAS

自旋电子学主要是研究和利用电子的自旋自由度，以超越目前基于电荷的微电子学的能力。对高能耗技术的需求不断增长，导致需要专门定制下一代设备，以实现新功能，同时最大限度地降低功耗。在这方面，自旋电子器件提供了优于当前ICT技术的显著益处，因为没有相关联的充电电流的纯自旋电流的流动不产生焦耳加热，因此使功耗最小化。自旋信息在多层膜系统界面间的传输、操纵和转换是自旋电子学研究的关键驱动力。例如，跨铁磁体/正常金属界面的自旋输运由包括所涉及的材料和界面的细节的因素的组合确定，体现在有效自旋混合电导内。另一方面，对自旋电子器件的性能至关重要的过多的界面和体电荷-自旋转换现象，例如自旋霍尔和逆自旋霍尔效应，可以通过经由施加电场来调整自旋-轨道相互作用或通过修改无序景观来修改;同样，高度依赖于材料和界面性质。事实上，研究自旋输运现象的两个最有前途的系统是在含有高自旋的金属异质结构中，轨道耦合材料如Pt和磁性绝缘体中，其中自旋电流通过自旋波的激发而产生和传播，并且传播长度可以超过数十微米。然而，设计新的自旋电子材料和器件的挑战往往在于对出现的新颖和意想不到的现象的理解。这种现象的示例包括：自旋霍尔效应，其中自旋-轨道耦合使得能够将电荷电流转换为自旋电流;以及量子反常霍尔效应，在没有外部磁场的系统中实现的量子化霍尔效应，并且被预测为表现出无耗散电流传输。这一领域的研究需要对合成进行纳米级控制，然后对材料特性进行相关表征。在电子操控和信息读出的世界中，输运性质仍然是“王道”。在本申请中，我们要求资助一个专用的量子输运系统，以便在自旋电子学和纳米技术领域的创新实验中进行电输运测量。低温，至关重要的允许量子现象从其他影响，和系统的矢量场能力是必不可少的探测量子磁输运效应在纳米级自旋电子器件，往往单轴场是一个限制因素，充分理解丰富的物理参与。该仪器，当委托，将提供新的能力和容量，方便来自英国大学和工业界的研究人员访问，并提供在东北地区的一个联络点。

Spintronics is primarily concerned with the study and exploitation of the electron's spin degree of freedom in order to exceed the capabilities of current charge based microelectronics. The ever growing demand on energy hungry technologies has led to the need for next generation devices to be specifically tailored to enable new functionality, whilst minimizing power consumption. In this respect, spintronic devices offer significant benefits over current ICT technologies as the flow of a pure spin current, without the associated charge current, produces no Joule heating and therefore minimizes power consumption. The transport, manipulation and conversion of spin information across interfaces in multilayer systems are key drivers in spintronics research. For example, spin transport across a ferromagnet /normal metal interface is determined by a combination of factors including the materials involved and details of the interface, embodied within the effective spin-mixing conductance. On the other hand, the plethora of interfacial and bulk charge-spin conversion phenomena that are key to the performance of spintronic devices, such as the spin Hall and inverse spin Hall effect, can be modified by tuning the spin-orbit interaction via the application of electric fields or by modifying the disorder landscape; again, highly dependent on material and interfacial properties.In fact, two of the most promising systems to study emergent spin transport phenomena are in metallic heterostructures containing a high spin-orbit coupling material such as Pt and in magnetic insulators where the spin current is generated and propagated by the excitation of spinwaves, and propagation lengths can exceed 10's of microns. However, the challenge of designing new spintronic materials and devices often lies in the understanding of novel and unexpected phenomena that emerge. Examples of such phenomena include; the spin Hall effect, in which spin - orbit coupling enables the conversion of a charge current to a spin current; and the quantum anomalous Hall effect, a quantized Hall effect realized in systems without an external magnetic field and predicted to exhibit dissipationless current transport. Research in this area requires nanoscale control of synthesis followed by the relevant characterization of a materials properties. In a world dominated by all electrical manipulation and readout of information, transport properties are still "King".In this application we request funding for a dedicated quantum transport system to enable electrical transport measurements to be carried out for innovative experiments in the fields of spintronics and nanotechnology. The low temperature, vital for allowing quantum phenomena to be isolated from other effects, and vector field capability of the system is essential for probing quantum magnetotransport effects in nanoscale spintronic devices where often single axis fields are a limiting factor for a full understanding of the rich physics involved. The instrument, when commissioned, will provide new capability and capacity, ease of access for researchers from UK universities and industry and provide a focal point in the North East region.