Climate, Energy and Carbon in Ancient Earth Systems

古代地球系统中的气候、能源和碳

• 批准号: EP/X023214/1
• 负责人: Richard Pancost
• 金额: $ 341.15万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX023214%2F1
• 关键词: Climate; Energy; Carbon; Ancient; Earth

CERES will integrate analytical innovation, biogeochemistry in modern contexts, and geological archives to holistically evaluate howclimate change affects peatland carbon cycling across multiple timescales. Greenhouse gases shaped Earth history, impacting bothclimate and ecosystems; ongoing anthropogenic emissions are doing the same. These include impacts on the microbially mediatedprocesses that govern the chemical state of our planet and act as climate feedbacks. Soil microorganisms, for example, account forthe largest natural methane flux, and yet these processes remain poorly understood, mediated by multiple environmental factors.Insight can be derived from geological archives that document the timescale-dependent responses of biogeochemical systems toenvironmental perturbations. Such studies on peat and lignites provide tantalising insights into climate-driven disruption of thecarbon cycle, but the underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. This critical knowledge gap arises from our inability to determinethe isotopic signatures of the most diagnostic biomarkers. Therefore, we will:1) Develop new instrumentation for the isotopic determination of large bacterial and archaeal biomolecules. This is a transformativeexpansion of our biomarker toolkit as our analytical window expands from low to highly diagnostic compounds.2) Apply these new methods to modern peatlands, examining biomarker isotopic compositions in the field as well as in experimentsin response to manipulation of pH, temperature and substrate.3) Apply our new biomarker methods and understanding to the geological past. Working across decadal to multi-million yeartimescales, we will unlock the mechanistic controls underlying ancient reorganisations of wetland carbon cycling.Through these WPs, CERES will probe how microbial metabolism, and hence biogeochemical cycles, operate(d) on the Earth today,through its history, and in response to rapid global warming.

CERES将在现代环境中整合分析创新，生物地球化学以及地质档案，以整体评估如何影响到泥炭地碳循环在多个时间范围内。温室气体塑造了地球历史，影响了气候和生态系统；持续的人为排放也是如此。这些包括对控制我们星球化学状态并充当气候反馈的微生物介导的影响的影响。例如，土壤微生物是最大的天然甲烷通量，但是这些过程仍然很少理解，这是由多种环境因素介导的。可以从地质档案中得出，这些地质档案记录了生物地球化学系统的时间表依赖性响应。关于泥炭和木质矿物的研究提供了对苯二循环气候驱动的破坏的诱人见解，但潜在的机制仍未解决。这种关键的知识差距源于我们无法确定最诊断的生物标志物的同位素特征。因此，我们将：1）开发新的仪器，以确定大细菌和古细菌生物分子的同位素测定。这是我们生物标志物工具包的变革性扩展，因为我们的分析窗口从低诊断到高度诊断化合物。2）将这些新方法应用于现代泥炭地，在现代泥炭地检查现代的同位素组合物，以及在实验中以及对pH，温度和substrate的操纵的响应中的实验中，应用我们的新生物标志物方法和理解，以实现我们的新生物标准和理解。我们将跨越十亿年的年度阶段，我们将解锁对湿地碳循环的古老重新组织的机械控制。通过这些WPS，CERES将探测微生物代谢，以及生物地质学周期如何在当今的历史上（d）在其历史上进行（d），以使其历史上的历史快速，并响应快速的全球变暖。