RETROVIRUSES--REPLICATION, GENETICS, AND EVOLUTION

逆转录病毒变异是逆转录病毒的重要组成部分 致癌作用和艾滋病的流行。 特明博士的团队正在使用 专门设计的逆转录病毒载体和辅助细胞， 逆转录病毒的遗传学和逆转录病毒的速率和机制 变化量 他们已经证明碱基对替换，移码， 简单缺失、复杂重排、同源重组，以及 非同源重组以1 × 10-5、7 × 10-7、2 × 10 - 8、3 × 10 - 9、4 × 10 - 9、5 × 10 - 10、5 × 10- 每循环每bp分别为1 × 10-6、4 × 10-5和4 × 10-8， 一种简单的C型逆转录病毒 他们建议进一步分析逆转录病毒 简单和复杂逆转录病毒不同亚家族的突变 以确定这些速率是否相同或不同，并 确定哪些因素影响这些比率。 他们还将进一步 表征逆转录病毒RNA二聚化、壳体化、链转换 在逆转录和与简单逆转录病毒重组中， 它们将表征复杂逆转录病毒中的重组。 这些 研究将使人们对逆转录病毒遗传学有更全面的了解 以及逆转录病毒进化的过程。

Retrovirus variation is an important component of retrovirus carcinogenesis and of the AIDS epidemic. Dr. Temin's group is using specially designed retrovirus vectors and helper cells to study the genetics of retroviruses and the rates an mechanisms of retrovirus variation. They have shown that base pair substitutions, frame-shifts, simple deletions, complex rearrangements, homologous recombination, and nonhomologous recombination occur at rates of 1 x 10-5, 7 x 10-7, 2 x 10- 6, 1 x 10-6, 4 x 10-5, and 4 x 10-8 per bp per cycle, respectively, for a simple C-type retrovirus. They propose further analysis of retrovirus mutation with different subfamilies of simple and complex retroviruses to determine whether these rates are the same or different and to determine what factors affect these rates. They will also further characterize retrovirus RNA dimerization, encapsidation, strand switching in reverse transcription, and recombination with simple retroviruses, and they will characterize recombination in complex retroviruses. These studies will give a more complete understanding of retrovirus genetics and the processes involved in retrovirus evolution.