Mathematical modelling of lava flows undergoing rheological evolution

经历流变演化的熔岩流的数学模型

• 批准号: EP/X028011/1
• 负责人: Jesse Taylor-West
• 金额: $ 40.79万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX028011%2F1
• 关键词: Mathematical; modelling; lava; flows; undergoing

Lava flows are the most common product of volcanic eruptions and pose a substantial hazard to property and infrastructure; as such, predicting the path of lava flows is a major goal in volcanological hazard management. Furthermore, volcanic lava flows can act as a "laboratory" for exploring how to include cooling and phase changes in the modelling of wide-ranging industrial fluid flows that also exhibit evolution of rheology (the manner in which a material deforms under imposed stress). Recent high-profile eruptions in Hawaii (2020-2021), Iceland (2021), and the Canary Islands (2021) have reinvigorated public interest in these flows, and have also provided significant quantities of data for the motivation and validation of fluid dynamical models, both in the form of research field data and in amateur videography. Prediction of lava emplacement requires fluid dynamic models that account for rheological changes during flow, particularly the progressive formation of a cooled crust. This project will achieve a transformation in our capacity to model lava flow emplacement through the modelling of three complex flow behaviours exhibited by volcanic lava flows: the intermittent emplacement of a Pahoehoe style lava flow in which successive toes inflate, stagnate and rupture to produce new toes; the formation of solidified levees at the boundaries of lava flows, resulting in self-channelisation and an enhanced supply of molten lava to the flow front; and transitions between ropy, consistent crust and rubbly, fragmented crust formation. The proposed project will use a mixture of novel asymptotic, numerical and experimental methods to model these enigmatic phenomena, using my own expertise in viscoplastic and shallow-layer flows and the support of a network of experts in non-Newtonian fluid dynamics and volcanology from the UK and abroad. The outcome of this work will be improved modelling of flows undergoing rheological evolution which will allow for improved prediction of lava flow paths and more efficient production processes in industries that involve cooling viscoplastic flows, including food processing and 3D printing.

熔岩流是火山喷发的最常见产品，对财产和基础设施构成了重大危害。因此，预测熔岩流的路径是火山危险管理的主要目标。此外，火山熔岩流可以充当“实验室”，用于探索如何在广泛的工业流体流中包括冷却和相位变化，这些工业流体流也表现出流变学的演变（材料在强加的压力下变形的方式）。最近在夏威夷（2020-2021），冰岛（2021）和金丝雀群岛（2021年）的高调爆发使这些流量重新振奋，并为流体动力学模型提供了大量数据，以研究现场数据的形式和美国恋爱摄影。熔岩安置的预测需要流体动力学模型，以解释流动过程中流变学变化，尤其是冷却壳的进行性形成。该项目将通过对火山熔岩流的三种复杂流动行为进行建模来建模熔岩流动的能力：pahoehoe风格的熔岩流动的间歇性熔岩流动，其中连续的脚趾膨胀，stagnate和破裂产生新的toes;在熔岩流的边界形成固化堤防，导致自通道化，并增强了向流动前沿熔岩的供应；以及ropy，一致的外壳和可红润的，碎片的地壳形成之间的过渡。拟议的项目将使用新型的渐近，数值和实验方法的混合物来对这些神秘现象进行建模，并使用我自己的粘性和浅层流量方面的专业知识，以及英国和国外的非纽顿液体动力学和火山学专家网络的支持。这项工作的结果将是对经历流变学演化的流量进行改进的建模，这将改善熔岩流道路的预测，并在涉及冷却粘塑料流的行业中的更有效的生产过程，包括食品加工和3D打印。