LIPID PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY IN BIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY

总体目标是应用物理化学原理和 生理和病理过程的研究技术 涉及脂类和特定蛋白质。某些生物液体(血浆、 淋巴、胆汁)含有在水体系中溶解或悬浮的脂类 通常与特定的蛋白质(例如，脂蛋白)有关。 影响脂质转运的紊乱会导致脂蛋白血症，通常 脂肪在组织、细胞和体液中的病理分布。 可能会导致动脉粥样硬化或胆结石等疾病。血浆 细胞膜和/或细胞内细胞器含有复杂的极性 不溶于水但结构上可结合的脂类 流动性好，稳定性好。膜的组成从细胞器到 细胞器，此外，膜对于两种脂类都是不对称的 和蛋白质分布。膜的组成和对称性可以改变 通过外部环境的变化或通过内部代谢 扰动和这样的变化可能会导致功能缺陷。继承 参与复合磷和磷分解代谢的酶的缺乏 神经鞘细胞膜和溶酶体。这些堆积会影响细胞和 器官功能异常，导致各种家族性血脂病的发生。最后， 某些低极性的脂类(例如出现在脂肪组织中， 肾上腺、性腺、肝脏和动脉粥样硬化的病变) 以与水体系分离的相组织的。这些阶段可能是 液态或更多结构的液晶相或晶相。这个 长期目标是研究物理状态和分子相互作用 生命系统中的脂类和蛋白质，将它们与模型系统进行比较， 为了了解身体状态如何影响新陈代谢，反之亦然， 了解脂蛋白的分子基础和遗传控制 分泌、相互转化、细胞表面相互作用和分子交换 在正常的脂质运输中发生的过程，以了解分子 了解某些特定膜功能的基础，并最终了解 脂类堆积条件的分子基础，如 动脉粥样硬化、脂蛋白血症和脂代谢。

The overall objective is to apply physical-chemical rationale and techniques to the study of physiological and pathological processes involving lipids and specific proteins. Certain biological fluids (plasma, lymph, bile) contain lipids solubilized or suspended in aqueous systems frequently in association with specific proteins (e.g., lipoproteins). Disorders affecting lipid transport lead to the lipoproteinemias and often to a pathological distribution of lipids in tissues, cells, and fluids. Such disorders as atherosclerosis or gallstones may results. The plasma membranes of cells and/or intracellular organelles contain complex polar lipids which are not soluble but are structured in such a way as to combine fluidity with stability. Membrane composition varies from organelle to organelle and further, membranes are asymmetric with respect to both lipid and protein distribution. Membrane composition and symmetry can be altered by changes in the external environment or by internal metabolic perturbations and such changes may lead to defective function. Inherited deficiencies of enzymes involved in the catabolism of complex phospho- and sphingo-membranes, and lysosomes. These accumulations affect cell and organ function and give rise to the various familial lipidoses. Finally, certain less polar lipids (occurring for instance in adipose tissue, adrenal glands, gonads, liver and in the lesions of atherosclerosis) are organized in phases separated from the aqueous system. These phases may be liquid or more structure liquid crystalline or crystalline phases. The long term goals are to study the physical state and molecular interactions of lipids and proteins in living systems, to compare them to model systems, to learn how the physical state affects metabolism and vice versa, to understand the molecular basis and genetic control of lipoprotein secretion, interconversion, cell surface interaction and molecular exchange processes that occur in normal lipid transport, to understand the molecular basis of certain specific membrane functions and ultimately to understand the molecular basis of conditions in which lipids accumulate, such as atherosclerosis, the lipoproteinemias, and the lipidoses.