MicroBlast: Understanding and predicting blast loading in complex environments

MicroBlast：了解和预测复杂环境中的爆炸载荷

• 批准号: EP/X029018/1
• 负责人: Samuel Rigby
• 金额: $ 101.78万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX029018%2F1
• 关键词: MicroBlast; Understanding; predicting; blast; loading

Explosions are a pressing and pervading threat in the modern world. Terrorist events such as the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing, large-scale industrial accidents such as the 2020 Beirut explosion, and the current conflict in Ukraine, have highlighted a key gap in our knowledge: we do not we do not yet understand how blast waves propagate and interact with multiple obstacles in complex environments. Accordingly, we cannot yet predict the loading from such events, and our ability to determine the consequences relating to risk, structural damage, and casualty numbers, is severely limited.Current numerical tools for predicting blast loads in complex environments are either overly simplistic, or physics-based numerical tools which have been hitherto developed in the absence of experimental validation data. Clearly, progress in this area is limited and will remain so until we have the ability to experimentally measure the output from explosions occurring in settings of varying complexity at varying scales.This proposal will see the development of an ambitious and unique experimental facility, MicroBlast, for ultra-small-scale studies of blast propagation in complex environments, making use of rapid prototyping and 3D printing to generate true replica test specimens. MicroBlast will be a new state-of-the-art apparatus for data-rich, high spatial/temporal resolution, multi-parameter, full-field measurements of blast loading using a combination of pressure sensors, stereo high speed video cameras, and medium-wave infra-red cameras. This facility will be a step-change in our ability to perform rapid, precision experiments in explosive load quantification; the blast equivalent of a wind tunnel or shaking table test.We aim to study the fundamental mechanisms governing blast load development in complex environments, and set the agenda for future research in this area. Are explosions in crowded environments repeatable and deterministic, or are they highly sensitive to small changes in input parameters? What are the consequences for numerical modelling tools and experimental design? We aim to develop the next generation of predictive approaches for blast in urban environments, and to collectively raise the scientific benchmark of load prediction and structural damage assessment.

爆炸是现代世界一个紧迫而普遍的威胁。2017年曼彻斯特竞技场爆炸等恐怖事件、2020年贝鲁特爆炸等大规模工业事故，以及目前乌克兰的冲突，都凸显了我们知识中的一个关键空白：我们还不了解冲击波如何在复杂环境中传播并与多个障碍物相互作用。因此，我们还不能预测的负载从这样的事件，我们的能力，以确定有关的风险，结构破坏和伤亡人数的后果，是严重limited.当前的数值工具，用于预测爆炸载荷在复杂的环境是过于简单化，或基于物理的数值工具，迄今已开发的实验验证数据的情况下。显然，这一领域的进展是有限的，而且将继续如此，直到我们有能力在不同规模的不同复杂性的环境中实验测量爆炸的输出，这一建议将看到一个雄心勃勃的和独特的实验设施，MicroBlast的发展，用于复杂环境中爆炸传播的超小规模研究，利用快速成型和3D打印来生成真实的复制品测试样本。MicroBlast将是一种新的最先进的设备，用于数据丰富，高空间/时间分辨率，多参数，爆炸载荷的全场测量，使用压力传感器，立体高速摄像机和中波红外摄像机的组合。该设施将是我们在爆炸载荷定量方面进行快速、精确实验的能力的一个飞跃，即风洞或振动台试验的爆炸当量。我们的目标是研究复杂环境中控制爆炸载荷发展的基本机制，并为该领域的未来研究制定议程。拥挤环境中的爆炸是可重复的和确定性的，还是对输入参数的微小变化高度敏感？数值模拟工具和实验设计的后果是什么？我们的目标是开发下一代城市环境中爆炸的预测方法，并共同提高载荷预测和结构损伤评估的科学基准。