Developing Nanoscale Passivation Layers for Tandem Solar Cell Interfaces: Towards Terawatt-Scale Solar PV

为了减少二氧化碳排放，关键是转向可再生能源发电。要做到这一点，最便宜的方法是用太阳能光伏发电取代化石燃料发电。2022年，世界太阳能光伏累计装机容量达到1太瓦(TW)--100万*100万瓦--这是一个里程碑。专家预测，到2050年，必须安装多达70TW的太阳能光伏，才能迅速推动能源经济的发展。因此，太阳能科学家和工业制造商需要付出巨大的努力来避免气候灾难。近年来，钙钛矿/硅串联太阳能电池的效率达到了30%以上，然而，用于实现这一壮举的硅电池的设计与大规模生产不兼容。因此，重新设计硅电池以实现高效钙钛矿/硅串联电池的工业化大规模生产是至关重要的，这将进一步降低太阳能光伏发电的统一电力成本(LCOE)。本研究项目的目标可以简单地描述为：1.开发和优化用于硅PERC前表面的纳米层钝化和互连层以适应串联结构。2.利用所开发的电池设计，实现了效率为28%的钙钛矿/硅串联太阳电池。这将是效率最高的大面积工业可行的串联电池。

To reduce CO2 emissions, it is critical to shift towards renewable electricity generation. The cheapest way to do so is to replace fossil fuel generation with solar photovoltaics. In 2022, the world reached a milestone of 1 terawatt (TW) - 1 million * 1 million watts - of cumulative installed solar PV. Experts predict that as much as 70 TW of solar PV must be installed by 2050 to rapidly electrify the energy economy. Therefore, a tremendous effort is required by solar scientists and industrial manufacturers to avoid climate disaster. Recently, perovskite / silicon tandem solar cells achieved efficiencies exceeding 30%, however, the design of the silicon cell used to achieve this feat is not compatible with mass production. Therefore, it is critical to redesign the silicon cell to enable the industrial mass manufacture of high efficiency perovskite / silicon tandem cells that will further reduce the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) from solar PV. The goals of this research project can be concisely described as: 1. The development and optimisation of nanolayer passivation and interconnection layers for the front surface of a silicon PERC to accommodate a tandem structure. 2. The demonstration of a perovskite / silicon tandem solar cell with efficiency >28% using the developed cell design. This will be the highest efficiency large area industrially feasible tandem cell.