CLINICAL RESEARCH FOR PARTIAL EPILEPSIES

部分性癫痫的临床研究

• 批准号: 2260133
• 负责人: JEROME NONE ENGEL
• 金额: $ 111.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-01-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2260133
• 关键词: electroencephalography; human subject; partial seizure; psychobiology; temporal lobe /cortex disorder

The Clinical Neurophysiology Program (CNP) at UCLA makes use of the unique opportunities provided by an epilepsy surgery facility to carry out direct research on the human brain. In past years, emphasis was placed on clinical research directed toward improving the diagnosis and surgical treatment of epilepsy, although basic research has always been an important part of the program. More recently, resective surgery has become sufficiently accepted as a safe and effective mode of treatment for partial epilepsy to allow clinical activities of the CNP to be supported by hospital funds or supplemented by grants awarded to develop specific diagnostic techniques. Since the beginning of our last renewal, we have requested support only for basic research projects that take advantage of knowledge gained from animal studies and the clinical setting to investigate fundamental mechanisms of normal and abnormal human brain function. Information from patients in our epilepsy surgery facility will be utilized by a multi-disciplinary team of basic and clinical neuroscientists to define anatomical, physiological and metabolic substrates of normal and epileptiform cerebral processes, and to determine how epilepsy-related pathological processes might interfere with normal neuronal integration to disrupt behavior during, and between, seizures. Specifically, we propose to: 1.) examine alterations in cellular morphology and neurotransmitter function in epileptogenic tissue, 2) relate these findings to results of in vivo physiological studies of neuronal activity at the unit level and of spontaneous and stimulation-induced field potentials; 3.) identify aberrant axons and synapses in epileptogenic tissue which may account for hyperexcitability and seizure generation using selective staining, electron microscopy, and in vitro physiological techniques for recording from hippocampal slices; 4.) examine anatomical and physiological substrates of memory and control of cardiorespiratory functions; and 5.) carry out interactive and correlative studies with positron emission tomography to determine if metabolic patterns induced by electrical stimulation of the brain can be used to trace normal and epileptogenic cerebral pathways, and to characterize the functional significance of interictal hypometabolism. The long-term objectives of the CNP are: 1) To reveal cellular and synaptic mechanisms of epileptogenesis in order to suggest new medical, as well as surgical, approaches to antiepileptic therapy; 2.) to better understand the neuronal basis of normal human behavior and mechanisms of pathological disruption that result in abnormal behavior, in order to prevent or more effectively treat behavioral disturbances associated with epilepsy and other neurological disorders; and 3.) to establish the most effective and efficient presurgical evaluation protocol for epileptic patients who are candidates for resective surgery, in order to allow the greatest number of patients to benefit from this procedure.

加州大学洛杉矶分校的临床神经生理学项目（CNP）利用了独特的 癫痫手术设施提供的机会， 对人类大脑的研究 在过去的几年里，重点放在 临床研究旨在改善诊断和手术 癫痫的治疗，虽然基础研究一直是一个重要的 该计划的一部分。 最近，切除手术已经成为 作为一种安全有效的治疗方式， 癫痫，以支持CNP的临床活动， 医院基金或赠款金，以发展具体的 诊断技术。 自上次续约以来，我们 只要求对利用基础研究项目的支持， 从动物研究和临床环境中获得的知识， 研究正常和异常人脑的基本机制 功能 我们癫痫手术设施中患者的信息将 由基础和临床的多学科团队使用 神经科学家定义解剖学，生理学和代谢学 正常和癫痫样脑过程的基质，并确定 癫痫相关的病理过程如何干扰正常的 神经元整合以破坏癫痫发作期间和之间的行为。 具体而言，我们建议：（1）检查细胞的变化 致痫组织的形态学和神经递质功能，2）相关 这些发现与神经元的体内生理学研究结果一致， 单位水平的活动以及自发场和刺激诱导场的活动 潜力; 3.致痫性癫痫中异常轴突和突触的鉴定 组织，这可能是过度兴奋和癫痫发作的原因， 选择性染色，电子显微镜，和体外生理 海马切片记录技术; 4.）解剖检查 以及记忆和控制心肺功能的生理学基础 功能; 5.）开展互动和相关研究， 正电子发射断层扫描，以确定是否诱导代谢模式 脑的电刺激可用于追踪正常的 致痫性脑通路，并表征功能性 发作间期低代谢的意义。 的长期目标 CNP主要有：1）揭示癫痫发生的细胞和突触机制 为了提出新的医疗和外科方法， 抗癫痫治疗; 2.）为了更好地理解 正常的人类行为和病理破坏机制， 为了防止或更有效地治疗异常行为， 与癫痫和其他神经系统疾病相关的行为障碍 疾病;和3.）建立一个最有效和高效的 癫痫患者候选人的手术前评估方案 切除手术，为了让最大数量的病人， 从这个过程中受益。