EVALUATION OF A WATER-SANITATION INTERVENTION IN EGYPT

对埃及水卫生干预措施的评估

• 批准号: 3778540
• 负责人: J D CLEMENS
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3778540
• 关键词: Egypt; communicable disease control; community; diarrhea; environmental protection; health education; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; pediatrics; preschool child (1-5); rural area; water drinking behavior; water pollution control; water quality

The purpose of this field project is to evaluate the impact of a combined water-sanitation intervention on the occurrence of pediatric diarrhea and other targeted outcomes in a study population residing in the Assiut governorate of Upper Egypt. 20 villages, which together included a population of approximately 10,000 persons, were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (N=10) or no intervention (N=10). The intervention consisted of provision of India Mark II tubewells and household latrines, together with an educational package stressing personal hygiene and water behaviors. To assess the impact of the intervention, all families in these villages were followed with longitudinal surveillance during a one-year follow-up period. Although the baseline incidence of diarrheal episodes (per 1000 person-days of follow-up) in children under three years of age was similar in intervention (29) and control (29) communities, after zero-time rates of diarrhea decreased 17% (p less than .0001) in the intervention relative to the control communities. Protective associations were slightly higher for blood diarrhea (25%, p less than .05) and persistent diarrhea (26%, p less than .0001), suggesting that the intervention might have reduced not only the risk of diarrhea but also the severity of diarrhea. In contrast, no impact on the occurrence of respiratory infections was evident, indicating that the decline of diarrhea in the intervention communities was not likely to be due to ascertainment bias. It was of particular interest that intervention communities exhibited a marked increase of per capita water consumption, but that the new pumps continued to produce water that was contaminated by fecal coliforms. There data suggest that the salutary effect of the intervention may have been mediated, in part, by increased water consumption, though the water itself was fecally contaminated. Analyses will continue in FY94.

该实地项目的目的是评估综合的影响 饮水卫生干预对小儿腹泻发生率的影响 居住在 Assiut 的研究人群的其他目标结果 上埃及省。 20个村庄，其中包括 大约10,000人被随机分配到 接受干预（N=10）或不接受干预（N=10）。 这 干预措施包括提供 India Mark II 管井和 家庭厕所，以及强调 个人卫生和用水行为。 评估影响 干预后，这些村庄的所有家庭都受到跟踪 一年随访期间的纵向监测。 虽然 腹泻发作的基线发生率（每 1000 人天） 三岁以下儿童的随访结果相似 干预 (29) 和控制 (29) 社区，零时间率后 相对于干预措施，腹泻减少了 17%（p 小于 0.0001） 控制社区。 保护关联略高 血性腹泻（25%，p 小于 0.05）和持续性腹泻（26%，p 小于 比 .0001），表明干预措施可能不仅减少了 腹泻的风险以及腹泻的严重程度。 相比之下，没有 对呼吸道感染发生的影响是明显的，表明 干预社区腹泻的减少并没有 可能是由于确定偏差造成的。 这是特别感兴趣的 干预社区的人均数量显着增加 水消耗，但新泵继续产生水 被粪大肠菌群污染。 有数据表明，有益的 干预的效果可能部分是通过增加 水消耗，尽管水本身受到粪便污染。 分析将在 94 财年继续进行。