EVALUATION OF A WATER-SANITATION INTERVENTION IN EGYPT

对埃及水卫生干预措施的评估

• 批准号: 6162425
• 负责人: J D CLEMENS
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6162425
• 关键词: Egypt; child (0-11); clinical research; communicable disease control; community; diarrhea; environmental protection; field study; health education; human subject; longitudinal human study; respiratory infections; rural area; water drinking behavior; water pollution; water pollution control

The purpose of this field project is to evaluate the impact of a combined water-sanitation intervention on the occurrence of pediatric diarrhea and other targeted outcomes in a study population residing in the Assiut governorate of Upper Egypt. 20 villages, which together included a population of approximately 10,000 persons, were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (N=10) or no intervention (N=10). The intervention consisted of provision of India Mark II tubewells and household latrines, together with an educational package stressing personal hygiene and water behaviors. To assess the impact of the intervention, all families in these villages were followed with logitudinal surveillance during a one-year follow-up period. Although the baseline incidence of diarrheal episodes (per 1000 person-days of follow-up) in children under three years of age was similar in intervention (29) and control (29) communities, after zero-time rates of diarrhea decreased 17% (p<.0001) in the intervention relative to the control communities. Protective associations were slightly higher for bloody diarrhea (25%, p<.05) and persistent diarrhea (26%, p<.0001), suggesting that the intervention might have reduced not only the risk of diarrhea but also the severity of diarrhea. In contrast, no impact on the occurrence of respiratory infections was evident, indicating that the decline of diarrhea in the intervention communities was not likely to be due to ascertainment bias. It was of particular interest that intervention communities exhibited a marked increase of per capita water consumption, but that the new pumps continued to produce water that was contaminated by fecal coliforms. There data suggest that the salutory effect of the intervention may have been mediated, in part, by increased water consumption, though the water itself was fecally contaminated. Analyses are now continuing.

该实地项目的目的是评估综合的影响 饮水卫生干预对小儿腹泻发生率的影响 居住在 Assiut 的研究人群的其他目标结果 上埃及省。 20个村庄，人口总数约10,000 人，被随机分配接受干预（N = 10）或不接受干预 干预（N=10）。 干预措施包括提供印度 Mark II 管井和家庭厕所，以及一个教育设施 包装强调个人卫生和饮水行为。 评估 干预措施的影响，这些村庄的所有家庭都受到跟踪 在一年的随访期内进行纵向监测。 尽管腹泻发作的基线发生率（每 1000 三岁以下儿童的随访人日） 干预 (29) 和控制 (29) 社区类似，之后 干预中零时腹泻率降低了 17% (p<.0001) 相对于对照群落。 保护协会是 血性腹泻略高 (25%, p<.05) 和持续性腹泻 （26%，p<.0001），表明干预措施可能不会减少 不仅包括腹泻的风险，还包括腹泻的严重程度。 在 相比之下，对呼吸道感染的发生没有影响 明显，表明干预后腹泻有所下降 社区不太可能是由于确定偏差造成的。 原来是 特别感兴趣的是干预社区表现出显着的 人均用水量增加，但新水泵 继续产生被粪大肠菌污染的水。 有数据表明，干预措施的有益效果可能是 部分原因是用水量增加，尽管水 本身就被粪便污染了。 目前分析仍在继续。