PCB, PCDD, PCDF, AND PAH EXPOSURE FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE AMONG MOHAWK INDIANS

莫霍克印第安人接触危险废物的 PCB、PCDD、PCDF 和 PAH

• 批准号: 3777263
• 负责人: EDWARD F FITZGERALD
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777263
• 关键词: Native Americans; air sampling /monitoring; biomarker; blood chemistry; breast feeding; breath tests; carbopolycyclic compound; cytochrome P450; dioxins; embryo /fetus toxicology; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; enzyme induction /repression; epidemiology; feces analysis; halobiphenyl /halotriphenyl compound; human milk; human pregnant subject; human subject; industrial waste; infant human (0-1 year); mother /embryo /fetus nutrition; nutrition related tag; polychlorodibenzofuran; pregnancy circulation; soil pollution; soil sampling; statistics /biometry; toxin metabolism; umbilical cord; urinalysis; waste disposal; water pollution; water sampling /testing; water supply

An epidemiologic study is proposed of Mohawk women and infants to test the hypotheses that exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a nearby Superfund hazardous waste site elevates body burdens and affects the cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed function monooxygenase system. Exposure and body burdens will be assessed by: 1) estimating cumulative maternal dose from ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact; 2) measuring concentrations of 68 routine PCB congeners in serum and urine, and, if lactating, of an additional 12 coplanar PCB congeners and of 34 PCDD/F congeners and 15 PAHs in breast milk; and 3) measuring infant concentrations of the PCB congeners in cord serum and urine and output of the PCDD/F congeners in feces. P-450IA2 activity in the mothers and infants will be assessed through a caffeine breath test, a safe and noninvasive procedure that measures the rate at which labelled carbon dioxide is exhaled as an indirect monitor. Pregnant Mohawk women will be interviewed and invited to participate in maternal blood sampling during their second trimester and cord blood sampling at delivery. They will also be asked to provide blood, urine, and breast milk samples and to collect infant urine and feces in cloth diapers at 1, 3, and 6 months post-partum to investigate change in pollutant levels over time. Multivariable statistical techniques will be used: 1) to test for differences in the mean contaminant levels of mothers according to cumulative dose and of infants according to breast-feeding status; 2) to relate breast milk pollutant concentrations to maternal and infant urinary levels and infant fecal output; and 3) to correlate P-450IA2 activity with levels of PCB and PCDD/F congeners and PAHs. A novel statistical technique based on summary scores will be used to "fingerprint" the waste site as a point source. The results will significantly enhance our understanding of how important classes of chemicals arising from hazardous waste bioaccumulate in human adults and infants and whether P-450IA2 induction is a sensitive biomarker of their early biologic effect.

建议对莫霍克族妇女和婴儿进行流行病学研究，以检验 假设暴露于多氯联苯(PCbs)， 多氯二苯并对二恶英和二苯并呋喃 来自附近超级基金的多环芳烃(PAHs)有害 垃圾场地增加身体负荷并影响细胞色素P-450依赖 混合功能单加氧酶系统。暴露和身体负担将是 评估方法为：1)估计孕妇摄入的累积剂量； 吸入，皮肤接触；2)测定68例次的浓度 血清和尿液中的多氯联苯同系物，如果处于哺乳期，另外12个 乳房中34个PCDD/F同系物和15个多环芳烃 牛奶；以及3)测量脐带中多氯联苯同系物的婴儿浓度 血清、尿液和粪便中PCDD/F同系物的排出量。P-450IA2 母亲和婴儿的活动将通过咖啡因进行评估 呼气测试，一种安全和非侵入性的程序，测量心率 它被标记为二氧化碳，作为一种间接监测被呼出。怀孕了 莫霍克妇女将接受采访并受邀参加孕产妇 妊娠中期采血，脐带血采血 送货。他们还将被要求提供血液、尿液和母乳 采样，并在1、3和3岁时收集婴儿尿布和尿布的粪便 产后6个月调查污染物水平随时间的变化。 将使用多变量统计技术：1)测试 母亲的平均污染物水平的差异，根据 累计剂量和婴儿哺乳情况；2)至 母乳污染物浓度与母婴尿液的关系 水平和婴儿排泄量；以及3)P-450IA2活性与 多氯联苯和多氯二苯并二恶英/氟同系物和多环芳烃的水平。一种新的统计技术 根据汇总分数，将被用来将垃圾站点作为 点源。研究结果将极大地提高我们对 危险废物产生的化学物质有多重要 在成人和婴儿体内的生物蓄积以及P-450IA2诱导是否 一个灵敏的生物标志物，反映了它们的早期生物效应。