A TRIAL OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS IN PEKING DUCKLINGS

慢性感染B型肝炎病毒（HBV）会导致40%的 原发性肝细胞癌（PHC）的终生风险为15%， 死于肝硬化的风险。目前，没有安全有效的 治疗急性或慢性HBV感染。土拨鼠 慢性感染土拨鼠肝炎病毒（WHV）是一个很好的 人类慢性HBV感染的“模型”。他们有很高的风险 发展PHC。在这个项目中，土拨鼠慢性感染 WHV将用于检验WHV土拨鼠携带者 用热带植物苦叶下珠的提取物处理， 患原发性肝细胞癌的风险显著降低 (PHC)而不是安慰剂组。 苦杏仁提取物对HBV、WHV和DHBV DNA聚合酶的抑制作用 体外在体内，在最近感染的携带者中，病毒似乎是 治疗后消除，停止治疗后不再恢复。 在长期携带者中， 治疗后。 为了促进对这一现象的生物学理解， 除了对PHC发展的观察外， WHV感染的血清学参数、早期血清学标志物 致癌作用（甲胎蛋白，铁蛋白），和复制形式的 将制备肝组织中的WHV DNA。 根据我们早期研究得出的估计，我们计算出， 20只给药动物和20只对照动物将提供显著的功效来测试 假说.他们将被观察2年;总长度的 项目为期3年。 在以前的论文和赠款申请中， 提取物被鉴定为P. niruru。现在已经重新-- 分类为P. amarus。

Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) imparts a 40 percent lifetime risk of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and a 15 percent risk of death from cirrhosis. At present, there is no safe effective treatment for either acute or chronic infection with HBV. Woodchucks chronically infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) are a good "model" for chronic HBV infection in humans. They have a very high risk of developing PHC. In this project, woodchucks chronically infected with WHV will be used to test the hypothesis that woodchuck carriers of WHV treated with an extract of the tropical plant Phyllanthus amarus will have a significantly lower risk for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) than controls treated with placebo. Extracts of P. amarus inhibit the DNA polymerase of HBV, WHV and DHBV in vitro. In vivo, in recently infected carriers, the virus appears to be eliminated after treatment and does not return when treatment is stopped. In long-term carriers, the amount of cirus is markedly decreased following treatment. To contribute to a biological understanding of the phenomenon, in addition to the observations on development of PHC, measurements of the serological parameters of WHV infection, serological markers of early carcinogenesis (alpha fetoprotein, ferritin), and replicating forms of WHV DNA in liver tissues will be made. Based on estimates derived from our earlier studies, we calculated that 20 treated and 20 control animals will give significant power to test the hypothesis. They will be observed for 2 years; the total length of the project is 3 years. In previous papers and the grant application the plant from which the extract is derived was identified as P. niruru. It has now been re- classified as P. amarus.