Collaborative Research: EDGE FGT: Transformation and Genomic Resources to Advance Diverse, Emerging Model Angiosperms

开花植物，也被称为被子植物，包括最成功的陆地植物群，包括我们所有主要的驯化作物植物。因此，了解被子植物的进化、发育、遗传和生理是植物生物学家研究的重点。然而，这类研究项目的成功开展需要一套特定的调查工具，特别是一套注释良好的基因组序列和允许实验DNA稳定插入的方法，这一过程被称为转化。该项目将使用尖端的方法来优化有效的转化方案，并改善一组有前途的实验性被子植物系统的基因组资源，这些系统代表了开花植物生命之树中鲜为人知的谱系。在选定的模型系统中生成这些工具具有相当大的潜力，可以提高进行植物生物学比较研究的能力。此外，开发的协议的传播将创建一个模板，其他研究人员可以将其应用于更多的被子植物模型，从而对该领域产生更广泛的积极影响。在推广和培训方面，活动包括创建一个基于youtube的视频，解释现代植物转化的工作原理，支持从本科生到博士后的所有学术职业水平的多样化培训机会，以及开发本科课程资源。近年来，一些物种的重大突破表明，过表达调控形态发生的基因，特别是Baby Boom/Wuschel2 （Bbm/Wus2）和生长调节因子4/GRF相互作用因子1 (GRF4-GIF1)，可以显著增强植物的转化和再生。该项目致力于将这些方法应用于一系列不同的被子植物，因为它们占据了研究充分的作物和模式系统之间的系统发育差距。主要目标分类群为耧斗菜（耧斗菜，毛茛科）；多根螺旋藻7498系（浮萍，天南星科）；和芦笋（芦笋，芦笋科）。如果时间允许，还将努力扩展到热睡莲（卢旺达睡莲，睡莲科）和马兜铃（荷兰人的管，马兜铃科），以进一步界定被子植物的系统发育骨干。作为对这些关键工具开发的补充，该项目将使用下一代测序来改善三个主要模型分类群的基因组资源，特别是关于小RNA产生位点的注释。关于已开发的方法和资源的教育和分配是该项目的一个关键组成部分。基因结构将被储存在非营利性的全球质粒库中，并将发布协议视频，以使不熟悉转化的用户能够成功地重复该过程。所有测序数据将在完成后立即公开，没有禁运。此外，资金将支持1)本科生研究人员的培训，利用已经成功的资源，如nsf支持的本科生研究经验（REU）暑期项目；2)创建公共科学传播视频，以提高公众对转基因方法的理解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, encompass the most successful living group of land plants, and include all of our major domesticated crop plants. For these reasons, understanding the evolution, development, genetics and physiology of diverse angiosperms is a major focus for plant biologists. However, successful pursuit of such research programs requires the existence of a specific set of investigative tools, particularly a well-annotated genome sequence and methods that allow for the stable insertion of experimental DNA, a process known as transformation. This project will use cutting-edge approaches to both optimize effective transformation protocols and improve the genomic resources available for a set of promising experimental angiosperm systems that represent poorly understood lineages of the flowering plant tree of life. The generation of these tools in the selected model systems has considerable potential to improve the ability to conduct comparative studies of plant biology. Moreover, dissemination of protocols developed will create a template that can be applied by other researchers to even more angiosperm models, thereby having an even broader positive impact on the field. With respect to outreach and training, activities include creating a YouTube-based video explaining how modern plant transformation works, supporting diverse training opportunities at all academic career levels from undergraduate students through postdoctoral fellows, and developing undergraduate course resources. Recently, major breakthroughs in several species have shown that overexpressing genes that regulate morphogenesis, specifically Baby Boom/Wuschel2 (Bbm/Wus2) and Growth Regulating Factor 4/GRF Interacting Factor 1 (GRF4-GIF1), results in significantly enhanced plant transformation and regeneration. This project strives to adapt these methods on a set of diverse angiosperms, targeted because they occupy the phylogenetic gap between well-studied crop and model systems. The primary target taxa are Aquilegia coerulea (columbine, Ranunculaceae); Spirodela polyrhiza line 7498 (duckweed, Araceae); and Asparagus officinalis (asparagus, Asparagaceae). If time allows, efforts will also extend to Nymphaea thermarum (Rwandan waterlily, Nymphaeaceae) and Aristolochia fimbriata (dutchman’s pipe, Aristolochiaceae) to further circumscribe the phylogenetic backbone of the angiosperms. As a complement to the development of these key tools, the project will use next-generation sequencing to improve genomic resources for the three primary model taxa, particularly in regard to the annotation of small RNA producing loci. Education on and distribution of the developed methodologies and resources are a key component of the project. Gene constructs will be deposited in nonprofit global plasmid repositories and protocol videos will be published to enable users unfamiliar with transformation to successfully repeat the process. All sequencing data will be made publicly available as soon as completed with no embargo. Additionally, funds will support 1) the training of undergraduate researchers, leveraging already successful resources such as the NSF-supported Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) summer programs and 2) the creation of public science communication videos to improve public understanding of transgenic approaches.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.