The Effect of Emotional Salience and Alcohol on Women's Memories for Sexual Assault

情绪凸显和酒精对女性性侵犯记忆的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    ES/J005169/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2012 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Sexual offenses often involve alcohol use by the victim and perpetrator. Victims who were under the influence at the time of the crime are less likely to have their cases prosecuted compared to victims who were sober. A major concern the legal system has is that victims who were under influence of alcohol will not remember forensically information about the assault. To date, however, no research has systematically examined the influence of alcohol on remembering sexual offenses.The overarching objective of the research is to predict when victims who were under the influence of alcohol will accurately remember details about a sexual offense. The results will provide essential knowledge for establishing best practice guidelines for interviewing witnesses who were intoxicated. Currently, no such guidelines exist anywhere in the world. Previous research suggests that alcohol intoxication narrows attention, thereby making people more responsive to the most central and emotionally salient elements of a situation. In the context of rape, the culprit's physical appearance and actions are the most emotionally salient aspects of the situation. Other aspects of the situation-such as the presence of bystanders and the physical environment, are considered peripheral because they capture less of the victim's attention. Pilot research carried out at the University of Leicester has found the first support that salient and peripheral information about a sexual assault is remembered differently when people are under the influence of alcohol. As previous research-quite surprisingly-has not examined this phenomenon, research is needed to better understand the relationship between alcohol intoxication, information salience, and memory for sexual assault. As such, a set of 3 interrelated experiments are planned.In all 3 experiments, female participants will read a sexual assault scenario. Participant alcohol intoxication level whist reading the scenario will be experimentally controlled. 24 hours later participants will have their recognition memory for the scenario tested.In the first experiment, the memories of participants who were given different doses of alcohol will be examined to see if they differ in terms of their accuracy. We will test whether there is a difference in remembering the scenario perpetrator as a consequence of alcohol dose. Additionally, the qualitative characteristics of memories for the hypothetical sexual assault, such as the vividness of the memory, how much participants feel they are reliving the memory as they recall it, and so on, will be examined in relation to alcohol dose.The second experiment will build upon the results of the first experiment by examining whether intoxicated participants provide less accurate information when they are administered the Cognitive Interview. It is important to examine the accuracy of sexual assault memories using the Cognitive Interview because it is a forensic interview technique that is used by criminal investigators.The third experiment examines whether participants who were under the influence of alcohol whilst reading the scenario are more susceptible to memory distortion. Victims frequently delay reporting sexual assault to the police. Delayed reporting is potentially problematic because previous research has found that delayed reports increases one's susceptibility to memory distortion. Therefore, it is important to assess whether alcohol intoxication leads to memory distortion more often than when the victim is not intoxicated. In sum, the proposed research aims to describe and predict when victims of sexual assault who are under the influence of alcohol will accurately remember forensically relevant information. This project may have far reaching implications for sexual assault victims, public safety, and public policy.
性犯罪通常涉及受害者和犯罪者的酒精使用。与清醒的受害者相比,在犯罪时受到影响的受害者的案件不太可能被起诉。法律的系统的一个主要问题是,受酒精影响的受害者不会记得有关袭击的法医信息。然而,到目前为止,还没有研究系统地研究酒精对性犯罪记忆的影响。研究的首要目标是预测受酒精影响的受害者何时能准确地记住性犯罪的细节。调查结果将为制定采访醉酒证人的最佳做法指南提供必要的知识。目前,世界上任何地方都没有这样的指导方针。先前的研究表明,酒精中毒会缩小注意力,从而使人们对一种情况中最核心和最情绪化的元素反应更灵敏。在强奸的情况下,罪犯的外表和行为是情况中情感上最突出的方面。其他方面的情况,如旁观者的存在和物理环境,被认为是外围的,因为他们捕获受害者的注意力较少。在莱斯特大学进行的试点研究发现了第一个支持,即当人们受到酒精的影响时,关于性侵犯的突出和外围信息会以不同的方式被记住。由于以前的研究--因此,我们设计了一组三个相互关联的实验,在所有三个实验中,女性参与者将阅读一个性侵犯场景。参与者在阅读场景时的酒精中毒水平将通过实验进行控制。24小时后,参与者将接受对场景的识别记忆测试。在第一个实验中,将检查被给予不同剂量酒精的参与者的记忆,看看他们的准确性是否不同。我们将测试是否有一个差异,在记住的情况下肇事者作为酒精剂量的后果。此外,假设性侵犯的记忆的定性特征,如记忆的生动性,参与者在回忆时有多少感觉他们正在重温记忆,等等,第二个实验将建立在第一个实验的结果之上,通过检查醉酒的参与者在接受认知测试时是否提供了不太准确的信息。采访使用认知访谈来检查性侵犯记忆的准确性很重要,因为它是刑事调查人员使用的一种法医访谈技术。第三个实验检查在阅读场景时受到酒精影响的参与者是否更容易受到影响记忆失真。受害者经常拖延向警方报告性侵犯。延迟报告是潜在的问题,因为以前的研究发现,延迟报告增加了一个人对记忆扭曲的敏感性。因此,重要的是要评估酒精中毒是否比受害者没有中毒时更容易导致记忆失真。总之,拟议的研究旨在描述和预测酒精影响下的性侵犯受害者何时会准确地记住法医相关信息。该项目可能对性侵犯受害者、公共安全和公共政策产生深远影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(9)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Sexual Violence and Complainant Intoxication
性暴力和投诉人中毒
An experimental examination of alcohol consumption, alcohol expectancy, and self-blame on willingness to report a hypothetical rape.
  • DOI:
    10.1002/ab.21745
  • 发表时间:
    2018-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.9
  • 作者:
    Flowe HD;Maltby J
  • 通讯作者:
    Maltby J
The Effects of Alcohol Intoxication on Accuracy and the Confidence-Accuracy Relationship in Photographic Simultaneous Line-ups.
  • DOI:
    10.1002/acp.3332
  • 发表时间:
    2017-07
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.4
  • 作者:
    Flowe HD;Colloff MF;Karoğlu N;Zelek K;Ryder H;Humphries JE;Takarangi MKT
  • 通讯作者:
    Takarangi MKT
Alcohol and remembering a hypothetical sexual assault: Can people who were under the influence of alcohol during the event provide accurate testimony?
  • DOI:
    10.1080/09658211.2015.1064536
  • 发表时间:
    2016-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.1
  • 作者:
    Flowe, Heather D.;Takarangi, Melanie K. T.;Wright, Deborah S.
  • 通讯作者:
    Wright, Deborah S.
The effects of acute alcohol intoxication on the cognitive mechanisms underlying false facial recognition.
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00213-016-4263-4
  • 发表时间:
    2016-06
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.4
  • 作者:
    Colloff MF;Flowe HD
  • 通讯作者:
    Flowe HD
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Heather Flowe其他文献

Heather Flowe的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Heather Flowe', 18)}}的其他基金

Increasing eyewitness identification accuracy in lineups using 3D interactive virtual reality
使用 3D 交互式虚拟现实提高阵容中目击者识别的准确性
  • 批准号:
    ES/X010740/1
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Facilitating Research: A New Research Collaboration on Eyewitness Memory between UK and South Korean Cognitive Psychologists
促进研究:英国和韩国认知心理学家之间关于目击者记忆的新研究合作
  • 批准号:
    ES/W010925/1
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Investigating and mobilising peace and trust for sustainable development via the UK's international Rights for Time Research Network
通过英国国际时间权利研究网络调查和动员和平与信任以促进可持续发展
  • 批准号:
    AH/W009676/1
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Visualising Justice on Sexual Violence in Kenya: Stimulating inclusion, Peace and Public Engagement through the Creative Economy
肯尼亚性暴力正义可视化:通过创意经济促进包容、和平与公众参与
  • 批准号:
    AH/W006510/1
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Time for Rights/Rights for Time: Responding to the times of violence, conflict, and displacement
争取权利的时间/争取时间的权利:应对暴力、冲突和流离失所的时代
  • 批准号:
    AH/T008091/1
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
The CARE Project: Building Sexual Violence Survivors' Capacity to Evidence and Research (C)rimes and (A)dvocate for Effective (Re)sponses
CARE 项目:建设性暴力幸存者的证据和研究能力(C)和(A)倡导有效(回应)应对
  • 批准号:
    ES/T010207/1
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
GCRF Development Award: Rights for Time
GCRF 发展奖:时间权利
  • 批准号:
    AH/T005513/1
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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认知行为疗法对情绪唤醒和显着回路的影响以及肠道微生物组的作用与性别相关的差异
  • 批准号:
    10461219
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    10688185
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The Impact of Emotional Salience and Aging on Selective Sleep-Based Memory Consolidation
情绪显着性和衰老对选择性睡眠记忆巩固的影响
  • 批准号:
    8984823
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.69万
  • 项目类别:
The Impact of Emotional Salience and Aging on Selective Sleep-Based Memory Consolidation
情绪显着性和衰老对选择性睡眠记忆巩固的影响
  • 批准号:
    9186478
  • 财政年份:
    2015
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    $ 8.69万
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The Impact of Emotional Salience and Aging on Selective Sleep-Based Memory Consolidation
情绪显着性和衰老对选择性睡眠记忆巩固的影响
  • 批准号:
    8834408
  • 财政年份:
    2015
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  • 批准号:
    6712772
  • 财政年份:
    2004
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    $ 8.69万
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Attentional Guidance by Emotional Salience
通过情绪显着进行注意力引导
  • 批准号:
    6876148
  • 财政年份:
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The impact of environmental salience on memory confidence during emotional arousal
情绪唤醒时环境显着性对记忆信心的影响
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情绪唤醒时环境显着性对记忆信心的影响
  • 批准号:
    278554-2003
  • 财政年份:
    2003
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    $ 8.69万
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    Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarships - Master's
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