Attentional Guidance by Emotional Salience

通过情绪显着进行注意力引导

• 批准号: 6712772
• 负责人: STEVEN B MOST
• 金额: $ 4.3万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6712772
• 关键词: amygdala; attention; behavior test; clinical research; emotions; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; postdoctoral investigator; psychological concentration; psychomotor reaction time

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Humans live in a world laden with affective meaning; yet, traditional research on attentional deployment relies largely on the presentation of meaningless stimuli (e.g., sudden onsets and unique colors). Evidence for attentional biases to emotional stimuli comes from work with clinically anxious patients, but these reports have frequently forgone careful consideration of important distinctions, such as those between reflexive and voluntary attention shifts, transient and sustained attention components, and spatial and temporal attention. Here, a range of experiments is designed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying emotion-based attentional biases. For example, the degree to which emotional stimuli capture temporal attention will be explored through the use of an "attentional blink" paradigm. Implicit measures of attention capture will be obtained through spatial cueing tasks, and by measuring reaction times and accuracy in response to neutral and emotional stimuli. Conclusions will be informed by neuroimaging. For example, direct thalamic-amygdala connections suggest that emotional stimuli may be processed without attention, as would be implied should amygdala activation occur without evidence for attention capture. Also, difficulty in ignoring emotional stimuli should be reflected in anterior cingulate cortex activation. This research will help to lay bare the functional "anatomy" by which emotion-based attentional biases occur.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类生活在一个充满情感意义的世界；然而，关于注意力部署的传统研究很大程度上依赖于无意义刺激的呈现（例如突然发作和独特的颜色）。对情绪刺激的注意力偏差的证据来自对临床焦虑患者的研究，但这些报告经常放弃对重要区别的仔细考虑，例如反射性和自愿性注意力转移、短暂和持续性注意力成分以及空间和时间注意力之间的区别。在这里，一系列实验旨在阐明基于情绪的注意力偏差的潜在机制。例如，将通过使用“注意眨眼”范例来探索情绪刺激捕获暂时注意力的程度。注意力捕获的隐式测量将通过空间提示任务以及测量对中性和情绪刺激的反应时间和准确性来获得。结论将通过神经影像学得出。例如，丘脑-杏仁核的直接连接表明，情绪刺激可以在没有注意力的情况下进行处理，这暗示着如果杏仁核在没有注意力捕获证据的情况下发生激活。此外，忽视情绪刺激的困难应该反映在前扣带皮层的激活中。这项研究将有助于揭示基于情绪的注意力偏差发生的功能“解剖”。