Retheorising Gender and Sexuality: The Emergence of 'Trans'

重新理论化性别和性行为：“跨性别者”的出现

• 批准号: ES/J022608/1
• 负责人: Deborah Steinberg
• 金额: $ 1.91万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FJ022608%2F1
• 关键词: Retheorising; Gender; Sexuality; Emergence; Trans

Most literature takes an identity based social framework (for example, the Kinsey model provides a linear model to designate sexual identity as ranging on a polarity from heterosexual to homosexual)as its starting point to measure sexual or gender identity. However, such models fail to explain gender variance and alternative forms of understanding 'the body' that fall outside of an identity based model. For example, the plurality of gender and sexual practices and identifications that move beyond conventional categories go unrecognised within clinical contexts (see Moon 2011). More recently the emergence of 'trans' as a free floating signifier has witnessed what happens when the complex interplay of gender, sexuality and bodies is freed from the materiality of the body. Trans is emerging as a theoretical conceptualisation that moves beyond the idea of identity as a structure that provides meaning for 'the body' alone, to becoming an identifier that is, in fact, post-identity politics. Within the medical field the rise of 'trans' has been exponential with progress made around 'transitional' bodies, while a 'trans' identity (as 'trans', transgender, genderqueer for example) has shifted the clinical model of polarised identity which is under ever increasing pressure to provide more expansive ways of meeting the social and medical transformation of bodies. 'Trans' marks a paradigmatic shift, that shows extensive changes in social and subjective relations providing social research with an ideal resource to reconsider theory and practice across and within the entire field of gender and sexuality - interrogating the core paradigms of sexual and gender identity and cross cutting the disciplinary boundaries that form sexuality and gender studies.Trans will act as a case study through which we will examine the following issues:a) 'trans' as a terminology, as a mode of self/communal identification that is a recently emerging phenomenon. Trans is de-sutured from specific references to bodies, gender and sexuality yet is evocative of all three. It provides a distinct but interlinking development on the terrain of sexuality and gender along with the rise of 'queer'. Although both have a history of gender/ sexuality 'bending', they have distinctive trajectories. b) 'Trans' is a point of convergence (much more explicitly than 'queer')for a distinctive, cross-disciplinary constellation of constituencies, cross-cutting clinical, therapeutic, representational, academic and everyday communities and contexts. The emergence of 'trans' has been distinctively facilitated by digital technology and the concomitant rise of web-based social movements.c) 'trans' is thus a particularly salient case and point of nexus for a range of issues and themes cross-cutting sexuality and gender, including identities, affectivities, 'inter-sex' and 'inter-gender' and well as 'trans' gender and 'trans' sexualities; body governance and regulatory regimes, body ethics and affective imperatives; new social movements; new technologies of identity and community; and (un) commonsenses and (un) common emotions. The questions raised by the seminar series will include: - How and to what degree does the emergence of 'trans' reflect shifts in our larger paradigmatic understandings of gender and sexuality? - How and to what degree does 'trans' reconfigure (even 'trans'figure) everyday body -reflexive practices, popular common-sense or herald new normativities on the terrains of gender and sexuality. - To what degree and in what ways does 'trans' represent a 'post-closet' epistemology and a transformation of the Kinsey continuum? And what are the implications of 'trans' for clinical and therapeutic practice, for sexual theory and for everyday articulations of identity and intersubjective connection.

大多数文献以基于身份的社会框架（例如，金赛模型提供了一个线性模型，将性身份指定为从异性恋到同性恋的极性）作为衡量性或性别身份的起点。然而，这样的模型无法解释性别差异和其他形式的理解“身体”，落在一个基于身份的模型。例如，性别和性行为的多元化以及超越传统类别的认同在临床环境中未得到认可（见Moon 2011）。最近，“跨”作为一个自由浮动的能指的出现，见证了当性别、性和身体的复杂相互作用从身体的物质性中解放出来时会发生什么。跨正在成为一个理论概念，超越了身份的想法，作为一个结构，提供意义的“身体”单独，成为一个标识符，事实上，后身份政治。在医学领域，“跨性别者”的崛起呈指数级增长，围绕“过渡”身体取得了进展，而“跨性别者”身份（例如“跨性别者”、跨性别者、性别酷儿）已经改变了两极分化身份的临床模式，这种模式面临着越来越大的压力，需要提供更广泛的方式来满足身体的社会和医学转变。“跨性别”标志着一个范式的转变，这表明社会和主观关系的广泛变化，为社会研究提供了一个理想的资源，以重新考虑跨性别和性行为整个领域的理论和实践-询问性和性别认同的核心范式，并跨越形成性和性别研究的学科界限。跨将作为一个案例研究，通过它，我们将研究以下问题：a）“transs”作为一个术语，作为一种自我/社区认同的模式，这是一个最近出现的现象。跨性别是从具体提到身体，性别和性行为，但令人回味的所有三个。它提供了一个独特的，但相互联系的发展领域的性和性别沿着上升的“酷儿”。虽然两者都有性别/性“弯曲”的历史，但它们有独特的轨迹。B）“跨性别”是一个独特的、跨学科的群体、跨领域的临床、治疗、代表性、学术和日常社区和背景的汇聚点（比“酷儿”更明确）。（c）因此，"transs"是一个特别突出的案例，也是一系列贯穿性和性别的问题和主题的联系点，包括身份、情感、“两性间”和“两性间"以及”transs“性别和”transs“性取向;身体治理和监管制度，身体伦理和情感需求;新的社会运动;身份和社区的新技术;以及（联合国）常识和（联合国）共同情感。研讨会系列提出的问题将包括：-如何以及在多大程度上“跨”的出现反映了我们对性别和性的更大范式理解的转变？- 如何以及在何种程度上“跨”重新配置（甚至“跨”图）日常身体-反身的做法，流行的常识或预示着新的规范性的性别和性的地形。- 在何种程度上，以何种方式，“反”代表了一种“后壁橱”的认识论和金赛连续体的转变？“跨性”对临床和治疗实践、性理论以及身份和主体间联系的日常表达有什么意义？