Retheorising Gender and Sexuality: The Emergence of 'Trans'

重新理论化性别和性行为：“跨性别者”的出现

• 批准号: ES/J022608/1
• 负责人: Deborah Steinberg
• 金额: $ 1.91万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FJ022608%2F1
• 关键词: Retheorising; Gender; Sexuality; Emergence; Trans

Most literature takes an identity based social framework (for example, the Kinsey model provides a linear model to designate sexual identity as ranging on a polarity from heterosexual to homosexual)as its starting point to measure sexual or gender identity. However, such models fail to explain gender variance and alternative forms of understanding 'the body' that fall outside of an identity based model. For example, the plurality of gender and sexual practices and identifications that move beyond conventional categories go unrecognised within clinical contexts (see Moon 2011). More recently the emergence of 'trans' as a free floating signifier has witnessed what happens when the complex interplay of gender, sexuality and bodies is freed from the materiality of the body. Trans is emerging as a theoretical conceptualisation that moves beyond the idea of identity as a structure that provides meaning for 'the body' alone, to becoming an identifier that is, in fact, post-identity politics. Within the medical field the rise of 'trans' has been exponential with progress made around 'transitional' bodies, while a 'trans' identity (as 'trans', transgender, genderqueer for example) has shifted the clinical model of polarised identity which is under ever increasing pressure to provide more expansive ways of meeting the social and medical transformation of bodies. 'Trans' marks a paradigmatic shift, that shows extensive changes in social and subjective relations providing social research with an ideal resource to reconsider theory and practice across and within the entire field of gender and sexuality - interrogating the core paradigms of sexual and gender identity and cross cutting the disciplinary boundaries that form sexuality and gender studies.Trans will act as a case study through which we will examine the following issues:a) 'trans' as a terminology, as a mode of self/communal identification that is a recently emerging phenomenon. Trans is de-sutured from specific references to bodies, gender and sexuality yet is evocative of all three. It provides a distinct but interlinking development on the terrain of sexuality and gender along with the rise of 'queer'. Although both have a history of gender/ sexuality 'bending', they have distinctive trajectories. b) 'Trans' is a point of convergence (much more explicitly than 'queer')for a distinctive, cross-disciplinary constellation of constituencies, cross-cutting clinical, therapeutic, representational, academic and everyday communities and contexts. The emergence of 'trans' has been distinctively facilitated by digital technology and the concomitant rise of web-based social movements.c) 'trans' is thus a particularly salient case and point of nexus for a range of issues and themes cross-cutting sexuality and gender, including identities, affectivities, 'inter-sex' and 'inter-gender' and well as 'trans' gender and 'trans' sexualities; body governance and regulatory regimes, body ethics and affective imperatives; new social movements; new technologies of identity and community; and (un) commonsenses and (un) common emotions. The questions raised by the seminar series will include: - How and to what degree does the emergence of 'trans' reflect shifts in our larger paradigmatic understandings of gender and sexuality? - How and to what degree does 'trans' reconfigure (even 'trans'figure) everyday body -reflexive practices, popular common-sense or herald new normativities on the terrains of gender and sexuality. - To what degree and in what ways does 'trans' represent a 'post-closet' epistemology and a transformation of the Kinsey continuum? And what are the implications of 'trans' for clinical and therapeutic practice, for sexual theory and for everyday articulations of identity and intersubjective connection.

大多数文献将基于身份的社会框架(例如，Kinsey模型提供了一个线性模型，将性别身份指定为从异性恋到同性恋的两极范围)作为测量性或性别身份的起点。然而，这样的模型无法解释性别差异和对基于身份的模型之外的“身体”理解的替代形式。例如，超越传统类别的多种性别和性实践和身份识别在临床环境中得不到承认(见2011年月刊)。最近，“变性”作为自由浮动能指的出现见证了当性别、性和身体的复杂相互作用从身体的物质性中解脱出来时发生的事情。变性正在作为一种理论概念化出现，它超越了身份的概念，超越了身份作为一种结构的概念，这种结构只为“身体”提供意义，成为一种身份，实际上是后身份政治。在医学领域，“跨性别者”的兴起是指数级的，围绕“过渡性”身体取得了进展，而“跨性别者”身份(例如，“跨性别者”、变性人、性别酷儿)已经改变了两极分化身份的临床模式，这一模式面临着越来越大的压力，需要提供更广泛的方式来满足身体的社会和医学转型。TRANS标志着一种范式的转变，它显示了社会关系和主观关系的广泛变化，为社会研究提供了一个理想的资源，可以在整个性别和性领域重新思考理论和实践--询问性和性别认同的核心范式，并跨越形成性和性别研究的学科边界。TRANS将作为一个案例研究，通过它我们将审查以下问题：a)作为一个术语，作为一种自我/社区认同的模式，这是最近出现的现象。Trans从对身体、性别和性的具体引用中解脱出来，但却能唤起人们对这三个方面的回忆。随着“酷儿”的兴起，它在性和性别领域提供了一个截然不同但相互关联的发展。尽管这两个人都有性别/性倾向“弯曲”的历史，但他们都有不同的轨迹。B)“Trans”是一个独特的、跨学科的选民群体的汇合点(比“queer”明确得多)，涵盖临床、治疗、代表性、学术和日常社区和背景。数字技术和随之而来的基于网络的社会运动的兴起在很大程度上促进了“跨性”的出现。c)因此，“跨性”是一系列交叉性和性别的问题和主题的一个特别突出的例子和关联点，包括身份、情感、“两性间”和“跨性别”以及“跨性别性”和“跨性别性”；身体治理和监管制度、身体伦理和情感需求；新的社会运动；新的身份和社区技术；以及(联合国)常识和(非)共同情感。研讨会系列提出的问题将包括：--“跨性”的出现如何以及在多大程度上反映了我们对性别和性行为的更广泛的范式理解的变化？-“跨性”如何以及在多大程度上重新配置(甚至是“跨性”图形)日常身体反射实践、流行常识或预示着关于性别和性行为的新常态。-“跨性”在多大程度上和以何种方式代表了一种“后封闭”认识论和金赛连续体的转变？对于临床和治疗实践，对于性理论，对于身份的日常表达和主体间的联系，“变性”意味着什么。