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Describing sociolinguistic variation in verb directionality in British Sign Language: A corpus-based study

描述英国手语动词方向性的社会语言变异：基于语料库的研究

基本信息

批准号：
ES/K003364/1
负责人：
Kearsy Cormier
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FK003364%2F1
关键词：
Describing sociolinguistic variation verb directionality

项目摘要

The aim of this project is to exploit an existing large video dataset of British Sign Language (or 'BSL', the language of the British deaf community), collected under the BSL Corpus Project (BSLCP, 2008-2011), and to conduct corpus-based investigations into a unique aspect of its grammar. In BSLCP, data were collected from 249 native and near-native deaf signers of BSL from 8 sites across the United Kingdom. The data are representative of the language community, including a mix of men and women, deaf adults with deaf parents and those with hearing parents, signers who are young and old, and individuals from working and middle class backgrounds as well as different ethnic groups. The primary aim of the project is to use the data collected to investigate variation and change in the use of directional verbs in BSL. Directional verbs like ASK in BSL move in the signing space between locations associated with, e.g. the person asking and the person being asked. Because these verbs incorporate an element of pointing within them, they are unique to sign languages, yet the way they are used in everyday conversation is not well understood. This project will enable us to relate the use of indicating verbs to social factors, such as a signer's language background, age, region or social class, in order to study how they vary. An understanding of variation in sign languages like BSL is important because of their unique sociolinguistic situations. Only 5-10% of the British deaf community acquires BSL as their first language from signing parents, with the majority of signers learning BSL from deaf peers in schools for deaf children or from friends in early adulthood. As a result of this unusual pattern of language transmission, together with other factors such as the lack of a widely-used writing system, no standard variety of BSL used in education, and extensive contact with the spoken language of the surrounding community, sign language use in the British deaf community exhibits a great deal of variation. Since the 1980s, the increasing use of BSL on television and in a wider variety of social situations means that the language is undergoing rapid change. The greater understanding of directional verbs in BSL as well as their variation and change which will result from this project will lead to improved sign language teaching resources that will more accurately describe how the language is used by a range of subgroups within the British deaf community. Another aim of the current project is to transform part of this video dataset created under BSLCP (2008-2011) into a centralised source of data for ongoing research efforts that aim to understand BSL and sign languages of deaf communities in general. Advances in technology have made it possible for these video recordings of sign language data to be given linguistic annotations which can be accessed on-line. In the past, the use of analogue video material and the lack of video annotation software did not allow for efficient access to source material when analysing sign language data. Following BSLCP, the first national web-based and publicly accessible collection of BSL video material that can be used for sign language research is now available (www.bslcorpusproject.org), and the current project proposes to transform part of this collection into a searchable archive (i.e. a 'corpus'). A more searchable, accessible BSL Corpus will enable more research on the structure and use of BSL. This will in turn bring about improvements to the training of BSL teachers, sign language interpreters and educators of deaf children. Furthermore, the project also makes possible work comparing BSL with related and unrelated sign and spoken languages elsewhere in the world, and will lead to an improved understanding of human language in general.

该项目的目的是利用 BSL 语料库项目（BSLCP，2008-2011）收集的现有英国手语（或“BSL”，英国聋人社区的语言）大型视频数据集，并对其语法的独特方面进行基于语料库的调查。在 BSLCP 中，数据收集自英国 8 个地点的 249 名 BSL 母语和近母语聋人手语者。这些数据代表了语言群体，包括男性和女性、父母聋哑的聋哑成年人和父母听力正常的聋哑成年人、年轻和年长的手语者、来自工人阶级和中产阶级背景以及不同种族群体的个人。该项目的主要目的是利用收集到的数据来调查 BSL 中方向动词使用的变化和变化。 BSL 中的 ASK 之类的定向动词在与以下内容相关的位置之间的签名空间中移动：提问者和被提问者。由于这些动词包含了指向的元素，因此它们是手语所独有的，但它们在日常对话中的使用方式尚不清楚。该项目将使我们能够将指示动词的使用与社会因素（例如手语者的语言背景、年龄、地区或社会阶层）联系起来，以便研究它们如何变化。了解 BSL 等手语的变化非常重要，因为它们具有独特的社会语言环境。英国聋人群体中只有 5-10% 的人从手语父母那里习得 BSL 作为他们的第一语言，大多数手语者是从聋哑儿童学校的聋人同伴或成年早期的朋友那里学习 BSL 的。由于这种不寻常的语言传播模式，加上缺乏广泛使用的书写系统、教育中没有使用标准的 BSL 种类以及与周围社区口语的广泛接触等因素，英国聋人社区的手语使用表现出很大的差异。自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，BSL 在电视和更广泛的社交场合中越来越多地使用，这意味着该语言正在经历快速变化。对 BSL 中的方向动词及其变体和变化的更深入理解将导致该项目改进手语教学资源，从而更准确地描述英国聋人社区内一系列亚群体如何使用该语言。当前项目的另一个目标是将 BSLCP（2008-2011）下创建的视频数据集的一部分转换为集中数据源，用于正在进行的研究工作，旨在总体上了解聋人社区的 BSL 和手语。技术的进步使得这些手语数据的视频记录能够被赋予可以在线访问的语言注释。过去，由于使用模拟视频材料且缺乏视频注释软件，因此在分析手语数据时无法有效访问源材料。继 BSLCP 之后，第一个可用于手语研究的基于网络且可公开访问的全国性 BSL 视频材料集合现已推出（www.bslcorpusproject.org），当前项目建议将该集合的一部分转变为可搜索的档案（即“语料库”）。更易于搜索、访问的 BSL 语料库将使人们能够对 BSL 的结构和使用进行更多研究。这反过来将改善 BSL 教师、手语翻译员和聋哑儿童教育工作者的培训。此外，该项目还使得将 BSL 与世界其他地方相关和不相关的手语和口语进行比较成为可能，并将提高对人类语言的总体理解。