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A broadly usage-based account of British Sign Language syntax

英国手语语法的基于广泛使用的描述

基本信息

批准号：
AH/N00924X/1
负责人：
Kearsy Cormier
金额：
$ 63.73万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FN00924X%2F1
关键词：
broadly usage based account British

项目摘要

The most important and influential research on human language has traditionally focused only on spoken languages. Sign languages, produced by the hands and body (rather than the speech organs) and perceived by the eyes (not ears) are a unique and therefore important test case for ideas about the way that human languages work, and whether the diverse set of human languages in the world today do or do not share some universal patterns of structural organisation.The proposed project will conduct the first ever large-scale, detailed investigation of the grammatical system of a sign language, combining the use of converging evidence from both experimental data and spontaneous conversation data with corpus-based, cognitive/functional and sociolinguistic approaches. Corpus-based studies of language are those that rely on large, representative, computerised collections of language recordings (such as the British National Corpus of English). Cognitive/functional theories of grammar assume that our knowledge of language arises out of the many ways we use it, rather than from some innate grammar hard-wired into our brain. Sociolinguistics is the study of how social factors, such as a person's gender or age, are involved in language variation and change. There is growing recognition in the field of linguistics that there is considerable overlap across these three areas of study - all relying on language use. This broadly usage-based approach to studying grammatical structure constitutes the current state-of-the-art in linguistic theory and description for spoken languages and will be applied here to a sign language for the first time, using evidence from a recently collected corpus of British Sign Language (BSL). Other data collected will include both production (i.e. signed responses to stimuli such as cartoons) and judgement data (i.e. asking BSL signers for their intuitions about the acceptability of various grammatical structures). Overall, this project takes a multidisciplinary approach to the study of sign language grammar across usage-based linguistics and related disciplines, taking advantage of new methods and technologies. Since little is known about how sign languages are structured and used, this project will enable us to study what is possible and impossible in BSL grammar (which is suggested via elicited production and judgement data, on a much larger scale from previous research) and importantly, what is probable and improbable in BSL (which is directly shown via spontaneous corpus data). The use of both types of data, using a broad range of usage-based approaches, is the best way to discover facts about (sign) language structure and use. This will put researchers in a position to make appropriate comparisons between signed and spoken languages, and thus understand language diversity and linguistic universals, a key area of interest within linguistics and cognitive science more generally.

对人类语言最重要和最有影响力的研究传统上只关注口语。手语，由手和身体产生（而不是言语器官）和眼睛感知（而不是耳朵）是一个独特的，因此是一个重要的测试案例，可以测试人类语言工作方式的想法，以及当今世界上各种各样的人类语言是否有一些共同的结构组织模式。拟议中的项目将进行有史以来第一次大规模的，详细调查的语法系统的手语，结合使用收敛的证据，从实验数据和自发的会话数据与语料库为基础的，认知/功能和社会语言学的方法。基于语料库的语言研究是那些依赖于大量的，有代表性的，计算机化的语言记录集合（如英国国家英语语料库）。语法的认知/功能理论假设我们的语言知识来自于我们使用它的多种方式，而不是来自于我们大脑中固有的语法。社会语言学是研究社会因素，如一个人的性别或年龄，如何参与语言的变化和变化。在语言学领域，人们越来越认识到这三个研究领域有相当大的重叠-所有这些都依赖于语言的使用。这种广泛的使用为基础的方法来研究语法结构构成了目前最先进的语言学理论和口头语言的描述，并将在这里应用到手语的第一次，使用证据从最近收集的语料库英国手语（BSL）。收集的其他数据将包括生产（即对卡通等刺激的签名反应）和判断数据（即要求BSL签名者对各种语法结构的可接受性的直觉）。总的来说，该项目采取多学科的方法来研究手语语法跨使用为基础的语言学和相关学科，利用新的方法和技术。由于对手语的结构和使用知之甚少，该项目将使我们能够研究BSL语法中可能和不可能的内容（这是通过以前的研究中更大规模的诱导生产和判断数据提出的），重要的是，BSL中可能和不可能的内容（通过自发语料库数据直接显示）。使用这两种类型的数据，使用广泛的基于使用的方法，是发现有关（手语）语言结构和使用的事实的最佳方法。这将使研究人员能够在手语和口语之间进行适当的比较，从而了解语言的多样性和语言的普遍性，这是语言学和认知科学的一个关键领域。