Keeping enough in reserve: the employment of hybrid citizen-soldiers and the Future Reserves 2020 programme.

随着我们迈向21世纪，陆军预备役、海上预备役和皇家辅助空军将大幅扩大，以发展英国武装部队应对不断变化的安全环境的挑战的能力。这项研究将提供严格的证据基础，以最大限度地实现拟议的转型，以增强这支新配置的部队的作战效力。具体地说，它解决了与拟议的未来预备役2020年方案下的武装部队转型有关的若干关键挑战，其方式不仅要确保预备役人员的同化，而且至关重要的是，确保他们真正融入。为了做到这一点，研究将侧重于预备役政策对武装部队与其东道国社会之间的关系的影响，从公民身份和身份方面来说，作为一名士兵和一名平民意味着什么，雇主如何看待和回应FR20方案，以及最终这种转变取得成功的可能性。更详细地说，这项研究将调查哪些类型的平民掌握的技能最有可能吸引军队，反之亦然，并深入研究预备役军人意味着什么。预备役人员如何谈判他们在军队和文职工作场所之间的参与和过渡？被部署在作战战区是为了体验回到一个性质不同的民用环境，这意味着什么？这些转变对雇主有何影响？雇主如何才能更好地为后备服务提供便利？处理这些密切相关的问题是对武装部队预备役和武装部队提出的更广泛改革的一个组成部分，研究的目的是为拟议的改革提供强有力的证据基础。这项研究将采用混合方法。在项目期间的两个时间点对预备役人员进行大规模量化调查，将产生关于预备役人员就业经历和态度的纵向数据。对预备役军人样本进行的半结构化访谈，以及后续访谈以形成纵向维度，将随着未来预备役2020方案的进展，捕捉预备役军人对其公民-士兵混合职位的看法，包括关于平民就业模式的数据。对不同雇主类型的样本的案例研究将产生关于雇主视角的数据，特别是劳动力中预备役人员的管理数据。实证研究将结合对现有政策文件和相关文献的审查和分析，包括对其他国家情况下预备役人员转型的类似经验的审查。一个由国防部和武装部队负责根据未来预备役2020计划进行改革的代表组成的项目咨询小组将确保国防社会在研究进展时向该项目提供投入，并将促进相关研究成果的更广泛交流和使用。研究结果将通过促进研究影响的机制向一系列国防、其他非学术和相关的学术受众和读者传播。产出将包括为高级军事人员举办的专家讲习班、为政策制定者和从业人员总结主要研究成果的政策简报、有关时事和国防政策出版物的期刊短文，以及同行评议的军事社会学、政治学、就业社会学和国际关系期刊上的学术期刊文章。。

The Army Reserve, the Maritime Reserve and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force are to be significantly expanded in ways intended to develop the ability of the UK armed forces to meet the challenges of a constantly evolving security environment as we move forward into the 21st Century. This research will provide a rigorous evidence base with which to maximise the proposed transformation in ways that will enhance operational effectiveness of this newly configured force. Specifically, it addresses a number of key challenges associated with the proposed transformation of the armed forces under the Future Reserves 2020 programme, in ways that ensure not just the assimilation of reservists, but crucially, their genuine integration. In order to do so, the research will focus on the consequences of the reservist policy for the relationship between the armed forces and its host society, what it means to be both a soldier and a civilian in citizenship and identity terms, how employers both view and respond to the FR20 programme, and ultimately, the likelihood that such a transformation will succeed. In more detailed terms, the research will investigate what kinds of civilian held skills are most likely to be attractive to the armed forces and vice versa, as well as look in-depth at what it means to be a reservist. How do reservists negotiate their participation in and transitions between the armed forces and the civilian work-place? What does it mean to be deployed in an operational theatre for the experience of moving back to a qualitatively different civilian environment? How do these transitions impact on employers? How might employers be better placed to facilitate reserve service? Addressing these and closely allied questions is an integral aspect of the wider changes being proposed to the armed forces reserves and to the armed forces, and the intention of the research is to provide a robust evidence base to inform the proposed changes. The research will use a mixed-methods approach. A large-scale quantitative survey of reservists conducted at two time-points during the project will generate longitudinal data on reservist employment experiences and attitudes. Semi-structured interviews with a sample of reservists, with follow-up interviews to generate a longitudinal dimension, will capture reservist perspectives on their positions as hybrid citizen-soldiers as the Future Reserves 2020 programme progresses, including data on civilian employment patterns. Case studies of a sample of different employer types will generate data on employer perspectives, particularly the management of reservists within the labour force. The empirical research will be contextualised within reviews and analysis of existing policy documentation and relevant literatures, including a review of analogous experiences of reservist transformations in other national contexts.A project advisory group, including representatives from the Ministry of Defence and armed forces charged with making the changes under the Future Reserves 2020 programme, will ensure input into the project from the defence community as the research progresses, and will facilitate wider communication and use of relevant research findings. The research findings will be disseminated to a range of defence, other non-academic and relevant academic audiences and readerships using mechanisms to facilitate research impact. Outputs will include an expert workshop for senior military personnel, policy briefs summarising key research findings for policy-makers and practitioners, short journal pieces in relevant current affairs and defence policy publications, and academic journal articles in peer-reviewed military sociology, political science, employment sociology and international relations journals. .