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Making the zero-carbon standard home: understanding project-firm innovation in UK house building

打造零碳标准住宅：了解英国房屋建筑项目公司的创新

基本信息

批准号：
ES/M000249/1
负责人：
Martin Sexton
金额：
$ 52.01万
依托单位：
University of Reading
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FM000249%2F1
关键词：
Making zero carbon standard home

项目摘要

The proposed research explores the significant challenge which the carbon reduction agenda poses for UK house builders. Focusing on the development of new products and processes at the project level and their diffusion across a large multi-regional firm we will ask key research questions that include: How can construction firms take advantage of project-level innovations? How can they meet the challenges which progressive carbon reduction targets currently pose? How do these innovations travel across large, complex firms? And how do standards shape innovations and how do innovations feed into ongoing changes in standard practice? The proposed research explores these questions by examining the development, uptake and diffusion of technical innovations from Hanham Hall, an experimental housing development which Barratt Developments has used to address the 2016 requirement that all new homes meet a zero-carbon standard. Barratt Developments is one of the largest house builders in the UK. The house builder has four brands and had an average of around 400 active sites at any one time across 25 divisions.The question of how specific technical innovations from Hanham Hall are being diffused and stabilised across Barratt Developments addresses some of the core challenges for the mainstreaming of zero-carbon standard buildings. While many scholars highlight the challenges of cross-project learning and the diffusion of innovations, little empirical or theoretical work has been done on the 'anchoring of innovations' at the firm-level. Similarly, little work has been done on the travel of innovations across projects within a large, multi-regional firm. This problem is especially pressing when one takes into account the ambitious upcoming carbon reduction targets and the largely organisational nature of the challenge. As a number of observers have noted, the sector knows how to build low-carbon buildings on experimental developments; what it does not know how to do is to incorporate that know-how into standard practice.The research questions are informed by the application of actor-network theory and neo-institutionalism to the study of key technical innovations at Hanham Hall across Barratt Developments:(1) to identify and explain the development of a number of key product and process innovations at Hanham Hall in response to carbon reduction requirements;(2) to examine the impact of those innovations on firm-level practices (including supply chains, procurement, internal management systems, business models, policies and strategies);(3) to follow the introduction of those innovations into other Barratt Developments housing projects and to document similarities and differences in project-level accommodation to those elements;(4) to use this analysis to theorise processes of innovation, diffusion and stabilisation/institutionalisation (in firm-level strategies, systems and practices) within large, project-based firms; and,(5) to contrast the findings produced by the deployment of neo-institutionalism and actor-network theory in the study of a single complex empirical case.The focal case study research will draw upon the analysis of documents, relevant artefacts, in-depth interviews and observations. The analysis of these sources will allow the team to trace the associations and movement of people and objects across multiple Barratt Development sites.

拟议的研究探讨了碳减排议程给英国房屋建筑商带来的重大挑战。我们将重点关注项目层面的新产品和流程的开发及其在大型跨区域公司的扩散，其中包括：建筑公司如何利用项目层面的创新？他们如何应对当前渐进式碳减排目标带来的挑战？这些创新如何在大型、复杂的公司中传播？标准如何塑造创新以及创新如何融入标准实践的持续变化？拟议的研究通过考察 Hanham Hall 技术创新的发展、采用和传播来探讨这些问题。Hanham Hall 是一个实验性住房开发项目，Barratt Developments 已使用该开发项目来满足 2016 年所有新住宅均符合零碳标准的要求。 Barratt Developments 是英国最大的房屋建筑商之一。这家房屋建筑商拥有四个品牌，在 25 个部门平均拥有约 400 个活跃场地。 Hanham Hall 的具体技术创新如何在 Barratt Developments 中传播和稳定的问题解决了零碳标准建筑主流化的一些核心挑战。尽管许多学者强调了跨项目学习和创新扩散的挑战，但在企业层面的“创新锚定”方面却鲜有实证或理论工作。同样，在大型跨区域公司内的项目间创新旅行方面也几乎没有做任何工作。当人们考虑到即将到来的雄心勃勃的碳减排目标以及这一挑战的主要组织性质时，这个问题尤其紧迫。正如许多观察家所指出的，该行业知道如何在实验性开发中建造低碳建筑；它不知道如何将这些知识融入到标准实践中。研究问题是通过将行动者网络理论和新制度主义应用于 Barratt Developments 的 Hanham Hall 关键技术创新的研究来提出的：（1）识别并解释 Hanham Hall 为响应碳减排要求而开发的一些关键产品和流程创新；（2）研究这些创新对公司层面实践的影响（包括供应链、采购、内部管理系统、业务模式、政策和战略）；(3) 跟踪将这些创新引入其他 Barratt Developments 住房项目，并记录项目层面对这些要素的适应的异同；(4) 利用此分析对大型项目型公司内的创新、扩散和稳定/制度化（在公司层面的战略、系统和实践中）流程进行理论化； (5) 对比在单一复杂经验案例研究中运用新制度主义和行为者网络理论所产生的结果。焦点案例研究将利用对文献、相关文物、深入访谈和观察的分析。对这些来源的分析将使团队能够追踪多个巴拉特开发地点之间的人员和物体的关联和移动。