NEURAL DEVELOPMENT--INTERCELLULAR AND HUMORAL CONTROL

神经发育——细胞间和体液控制

• 批准号: 3100342
• 负责人: JOHN G HILDEBRAND
• 金额: $ 52.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1995-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3100342
• 关键词: Lepidoptera; developmental neurobiology; ecdysone; hormone regulation /control mechanism; neuroendocrine system

The three participating research groups share a common interest in understanding the postembryonic development of neurons, the neural systems in which they function, and the muscles they control. Growing collaboration among these groups over the past three years and increasing mutual focus on the mechanisms that control the developmental plasticity of nerve and muscle cells have led to the emergence of this new Program Project. Among the research areas represented by these laboratories are: the roles and mechanisms of short-distance and contact-mediated intercellular influences in neural development; hormonally regulated, postembryonic differentiation and respecification of sensory and motor neurons and interneurons; ultrastructural and physiological aspects of synapse formation in developing neural systems; correlation and coordination of cellular, physiological, and neurochemical events in neurogenesis; the role of glial cells in the development of organized neuropil in the central nervous system; and developmental, physiological, anatomical, and molecular studies of olfactory, visual, mechanosensory, and motor systems. The participants propose to mount multidisciplinary, highly collaborative investigations of mechanisms underlying hormonal and trans- cellular regulation of the survival and development of nerve cells and muscles during postembryonic life. The five component projects in this program project probe for cellular and physiological mechanisms of: (1) influences of primary-sensory neurons, glial cells, and development- regulating hormones and neurotransmitters ont he development of arborizations and voltage- and ligand-gated membrane ion channels in olfactory interneurons in primary cell culture; (2) steroid-hormonal regulation of development of identified motor neurons in primary cell culture; (3) influences of steroid hormones on cellular, neurochemical, and systemic characteristics of the first-order olfactory center in the brain. All of the proposed studies are based on the use of non-vertebrate model systems that are economical, readily available, and experimentally tractable. Because they have been extensively studied by many investigators, including the participants in this program project, the insect preparations to be used in the proposed studies are especially well understood and favorable for these project, the insect preparations to be used in the proposed studies are especially well understood and favorable for these experiments. Taking advantage of this background, the component projects focus on neurons and glial cells that are identifiable as individuals or as specific functional types from animal. The basic mechanisms of development have been conserved during evolution. We expect, therefore, that information obtained in these projects about neural and muscular development in insects will illuminate related phenomena in other animals including human beings.

三个参与研究小组有着共同的兴趣 了解神经元、神经系统的胚胎后发育 它们发挥作用的地方以及它们控制的肌肉。 生长 过去三年这些团体之间的合作不断增加 共同关注控制发育可塑性的机制 神经和肌肉细胞导致了这个新程序的出现 项目。 这些实验室代表的研究领域包括： 短距离和接触介导的作用和机制 细胞间对神经发育的影响；荷尔蒙调节， 感觉和运动的胚胎后分化和重新特化 神经元和中间神经元；超微结构和生理方面 神经系统发育过程中突触的形成；相关性和 细胞、生理和神经化学事件的协调 神经发生；神经胶质细胞在组织发育中的作用 中枢神经系统中的神经纤维；以及发育、生理、 嗅觉、视觉、机械感觉和嗅觉的解剖学和分子研究 电机系统。 与会者建议建立多学科、高度 激素和反式机制的合作研究 神经细胞的生存和发育的细胞调节 胚胎后时期的肌肉。 本期的五个组成项目 细胞和生理机制的项目探索：(1) 初级感觉神经元、神经胶质细胞和发育的影响 调节激素和神经递质对发育的影响 树枝状结构以及电压和配体门控的膜离子通道 原代细胞培养中的嗅觉中间神经元； (2) 类固醇激素 原代细胞中已识别运动神经元发育的调节 文化; (3) 类固醇激素对细胞、神经化学和神经系统的影响 大脑一级嗅觉中枢的系统特征。 所有提出的研究都是基于使用非脊椎动物模型 经济、易于使用且可进行实验的系统 易于处理。 因为它们已被许多人广泛研究 研究人员，包括该计划项目的参与者、 在拟议的研究中使用的昆虫制剂特别好 理解并支持这些项目，昆虫制剂 在拟议的研究中使用的内容特别容易理解和有利 对于这些实验。 正是利用这一背景，该组件 项目重点关注可识别为的神经元和神经胶质细胞 个体或动物的特定功能类型。 基本的 发育机制在进化过程中得到了保留。 我们期望， 因此，在这些项目中获得的有关神经和 昆虫的肌肉发育将阐明其他动物的相关现象 动物，包括人类。