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How did 'Thatcher's Children' Fare?: Investigating Crime and Victimisation in the Life-courses of Those Born in 1970

“撒切尔的孩子们”过得怎么样？：调查 1970 年出生者生命历程中的犯罪和受害情况

基本信息

批准号：
ES/P002862/1
负责人：
Stephen Farrall
金额：
$ 77.88万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FP002862%2F1
关键词：
How did Thatcher Children Fare

项目摘要

This grant follows on from two earlier ESRC-funded grants held by Stephen, and a British Academy seminar he co-organised with Colin Hay (a leading theorist of Thatcherism). The first grant was a scoping project, which assessed the extent to which it was possible to undertake more prolonged and in-depth investigations into the social, economic and cultural impacts of Thatcherite public policy on contemporary UK society, especially as these features relate to criminal justice policy. This earlier grant concluded that it was possible to undertake two further projects. The first of these (looking at regional level changes using repeated cross-sectional surveys) we have, with ESRC-funding, completed. The second project (and the one we are seeking funding for herein) would extend this enquiry to the individual level using longitudinal data (thereby ensuring that we do not fall foul of committing the ecological fallacy - that is assuming that because something operates at the national level, it also works in the same way for individuals).To do this we will use data from the British Cohort Study which is a longitudinal study of a group of men and women born in one week in 1970. The cohort (which numbers over 17,000 people) have been interviewed themselves on a number of times (at ages 10, 16, 21, 26, 29, 34, 38 and 42) and there have been interviews with their mothers and teachers when they were younger. They were asked a range of questions about their home lives, schooling, employment careers, social attitudes and, crucially for us, since we are interested in how these processes lead people to or away from crime, their victimisation, drug taking, arrest history and offending. We have spent a long time theorising how the social and economic policies of the 1980s and 1990s might have operated to alter the social environments in which these young people grew up. Moreover, our analyses of changes in social attitudes in the country at the time and the extent to which these may have differed between generations allows us to 'locate' this cohort's experiences and values in wider contexts. By relying, where and when appropriate to do so, on a similar cohort study which went before this one (the National Child Development Study, participants born in 1958), we can disentangle the complex changes which occur as people age. This means that we are much less likely to misinterpret what looks like significant changes, but which are just a facet of aging and 'growing up'. As we saw in April 2013, when Margaret Thatcher died, there was a lot of public debate about what her time in office means now, with some arguing that she had been a great leader who had liberated Britain from bureaucracy, and others pointing to the decline of manufacturing, fragmenting of working class communities and increasing north-south divide as real social harms inflicted upon the country. With this in mind, we will explore the extent to which Thatcherite social values have become embedded in our wider society via a nationally representative social survey conducted by a large survey company. The project will also help to build capacity in UK social science by training two PhD students (funded by Sheffield University). Via the PhD students' training in cognitive interviewing, the employment of Dr. Emily Gray as a PhD supervisor, the attendance of all three at major international conferences, the production of a film and the promotion of that media as a vehicle for academics, we will make a lasting contribution to social science capacity in these arena. Stephen will continue to champion quantitative data analysis and will be well-placed to do this given the Faculty's Methods Institute and involvement in the ESRC-funded White Rose DTC. The Steering Committee will advise us on regional processes and the conducting of online surveys.

这项赠款是继两个早期ESRC资助的赠款举行的斯蒂芬，和英国科学院研讨会，他共同组织与科林海（撒切尔主义的主要理论家）。第一笔赠款是一个范围界定项目，评估在何种程度上可以进行更长期和深入的调查，以社会，经济和文化的影响，撒切尔公共政策对当代英国社会，特别是因为这些功能涉及到刑事司法政策。这一较早的赠款的结论是，有可能进行另外两个项目。其中第一个（使用重复的横截面调查查看区域水平的变化），我们已经在ESRC的资助下完成。第二个项目（以及我们在此寻求资助的一个）将使用纵向数据将这种调查扩展到个人层面（从而确保我们不会犯下生态谬误--即假设因为某些东西在国家层面上运作，它也以同样的方式适用于个人）为了做到这一点，我们将使用来自英国队列研究的数据，这是一项对1970年出生一周的一组男性和女性的纵向研究。这一组人（人数超过17 000人）接受了多次访谈（年龄分别为10岁、16岁、21岁、26岁、29岁、34岁、38岁和42岁），并在他们年轻时与他们的母亲和老师进行了访谈。他们被问到一系列关于他们的家庭生活，学校教育，就业生涯，社会态度的问题，对我们来说至关重要的是，因为我们感兴趣的是这些过程如何导致人们犯罪或远离犯罪，他们的犯罪，吸毒，逮捕历史和犯罪。我们已经花了很长时间从理论上解释了20世纪80年代和90年代的社会和经济政策如何改变了这些年轻人成长的社会环境。此外，我们的分析，在当时的社会态度的变化，在何种程度上这些可能有不同的世代之间，使我们能够“定位”这一群体的经验和价值观在更广泛的背景下。在适当的时候，我们可以依靠之前进行的一项类似的队列研究（国家儿童发展研究，参与者出生于1958年），我们可以解开人们随着年龄增长而发生的复杂变化。这意味着我们不太可能误解那些看似重大的变化，但这只是衰老和“成长”的一个方面。正如我们在2013年4月看到的那样，当玛格丽特撒切尔去世时，有很多关于她的任期意味着什么的公开辩论，一些人认为她是一位将英国从官僚主义中解放出来的伟大领导人，其他人则指出制造业的衰落，工人阶级社区的分裂和南北差距的扩大是对国家造成的真实的社会危害。考虑到这一点，我们将探索撒切尔社会价值观在多大程度上已经成为嵌入在我们更广泛的社会通过一个大型调查公司进行的全国代表性的社会调查。该项目还将通过培训两名博士生（由谢菲尔德大学资助），帮助建设联合王国社会科学的能力。通过博士生的认知访谈培训，艾米丽格雷博士作为博士生导师的就业，所有三个在主要国际会议的出席，电影的制作和媒体作为学术工具的推广，我们将在这些竞技场的社会科学能力作出持久的贡献。斯蒂芬将继续冠军的定量数据分析，并将很好地做到这一点，鉴于学院的方法研究所和参与ESRC资助的白色玫瑰DTC。指导委员会将就区域进程和开展在线调查向我们提供咨询意见。