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From care, to adoption, to parenting: a two generation study of identity, risk and resilience in adoptive families

从照顾、收养到养育子女：关于收养家庭身份、风险和复原力的两代人研究

基本信息

批准号：
ES/R004145/1
负责人：
Elsbeth Neil
金额：
$ 47.35万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FR004145%2F1
关键词：
care adoption parenting two generation

项目摘要

For 20 years UK policy has encouraged the adoption of children from care, and tens of thousands are now of an age where they could become a parent. This compulsory form of adoption is controversial at home and abroad and it is vital to fully research the lifespan effects - including what happens when adoptees become parents to the next generation. A child's birth is a key event in any family, bringing joys and challenges. This study will provide a new understanding of the lived experiences and needs of people adopted from care who are now parents, and of adoptive parents who are now grandparents. It will inform support to help adopted young people to prepare for parenthood, promote their resilience, and support them as parents. The majority of children adopted from care will have experienced early adversities such as loss, abuse and neglect. Adoption offers permanence in a new family, but even so about half of adopted young people are likely to have psychological problems which carry on into adulthood. Studies of vulnerable parents (e.g. care leavers) show they are at risk of early parenthood, parenting difficulties, even their own children going into care. But for some, having a child is a positive choice and a healing experience. This study will explore the positives and the challenges of becoming a parent from the perspective of people adopted from care. The concept of 'resilience' (healthy development after exposure to risk) is key and the risk and protective factors that can affect resilience in the context of parenting will be a central focus.This study will also shine a light on the lifelong identity issues for adopted people. For adoptees, building identity can be hampered by gaps in their known life history, feelings of being different or stigmatised, and a lack of connection with birth relatives. Becoming a parent can stir up identity concerns and trigger a search for birth family, but these issues are unexplored for people adopted from care, many of whom will have retained some form of contact with birth relatives. We will explore how adopted people make meaning of their whole life history, including being adopted and being a parent, adding to our understanding of narrative identity development for adoptees in adulthood.The research will also include the perspective of parents who adopted a child from care and who are now grandparents. Adoption has lifelong implications for adopters too, but there is no research on the grandparenting stage of family life in 'from care' adoptions. Because of the ongoing vulnerability of many young people adopted from care, it is important to include grandparents because they may be providing vital support to their child and grandchild.In-depth interview data from 40 adopted people who are now parents (20 men, 20 women), and 40 adoptive parents who are now grandparents will be collected and the sample will include a mixture of linked parent/grandparent cases and non-linked cases. Narrative and thematic analysis methods will be used to answer the research questions. The involvement of stakeholders (professionals, adoptees and adoptive parents) will inform the recruitment of participants, the data collection and analysis will help generate a sound understanding of practice and policy implications.Adoption from care is an extreme intervention in family life and a major focus of policy and investment in the UK. There is a moral responsibility to understand its impact across the lifespan; this project will generate insights about longer term outcomes. It will benefit society though building understanding of a particularly complex and challenging family form with a mixture of biological, legal and relational ties. It will benefit academics interested in narrative identity, adoption, vulnerable parents, grand-parenting, and resilience. Maximum impact on practice will be achieved through working with stakeholders to disseminate findings in a range of formats to different audiences.

20年来，英国的政策一直鼓励收养孤儿院的孩子，现在有成千上万的孩子到了可以成为父母的年龄。这种强制性的收养形式在国内外都存在争议，充分研究其对寿命的影响至关重要——包括当被收养者成为下一代的父母时会发生什么。孩子的出生对任何家庭来说都是一件大事，会带来欢乐和挑战。本研究将提供一个新的理解的生活经历和需要的人被收养的人现在是父母，养父母现在是祖父母。它将为支持部门提供信息，帮助被收养的年轻人为为人父母做好准备，提高他们的适应能力，并支持他们成为父母。大多数被收养的儿童都经历过早年的逆境，如失去亲人、被虐待和被忽视。领养能让孩子在新的家庭中拥有永久的生活，但即便如此，大约一半被收养的年轻人可能会有心理问题，这些问题会持续到成年。对弱势父母（如离开照料者）的研究表明，他们面临过早为人父母、养育困难，甚至自己的孩子也要接受照料的风险。但对一些人来说，生孩子是一个积极的选择，也是一种治愈的经历。本研究将从被收养者的角度探讨成为父母的积极因素和挑战。“复原力”（暴露于风险后的健康发展）的概念是关键，在养育子女的背景下，可能影响复原力的风险和保护因素将是一个中心焦点。这项研究也将为被收养人的终身身份问题带来启示。对于被收养者来说，建立身份认同可能会受到他们已知生活史的空白、与众不同或被污名化的感觉以及与亲生亲属缺乏联系的阻碍。为人父母可能会引发身份问题，并引发对亲生家庭的寻找，但这些问题对于被收养的人来说还没有得到探讨，他们中的许多人将与亲生亲属保持某种形式的联系。我们将探讨被收养的人如何理解他们的整个人生历史，包括被收养和为人父母，增加我们对被收养人成年后叙事身份发展的理解。这项研究还将包括从福利院领养孩子的父母的观点，这些父母现在已经是祖父母了。收养对收养者也有终身的影响，但目前还没有关于“从照料”收养中家庭生活的祖父母阶段的研究。由于许多被收养的年轻人的脆弱性持续存在，将祖父母包括在内是很重要的，因为他们可能为他们的孩子和孙子提供至关重要的支持。将收集40名已为人父母的养父母（20名男性，20名女性）和40名已为祖父母的养父母的深度访谈数据，样本将包括有血缘关系的父母/祖父母案例和无血缘关系的案例。将使用叙事和主题分析方法来回答研究问题。利益攸关方（专业人员、被收养者和养父母）的参与将为招募参与者提供信息，数据收集和分析将有助于对实践和政策影响产生良好的理解。从看护中收养是对家庭生活的极端干预，也是英国政策和投资的主要焦点。我们有道德责任去理解它在整个生命周期中的影响；这个项目将产生关于长期结果的见解。通过建立对一种特别复杂和具有挑战性的混合了生物、法律和关系关系的家庭形式的理解，它将有利于社会。它将有利于对叙事身份、收养、脆弱父母、祖父母养育和韧性感兴趣的学者。通过与利益攸关方合作，以各种形式向不同受众传播调查结果，将对实践产生最大影响。