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Communist Ghosts - On the crisis of European identities and contemporary art

共产主义幽灵——论欧洲身份和当代艺术的危机

基本信息

批准号：
ES/S01182X/1
负责人：
Magda Schmukalla
金额：
$ 11.27万
依托单位：
Birkbeck, University of London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS01182X%2F1
关键词：
Communist Ghosts crisis European identities

项目摘要

This project aims at consolidating and disseminating the research of my doctoral thesis on the post-communist condition as a threshold experience. My project discusses the particular nature of post-communist space and time and argues that post-communist transitory sites allow for new perspectives on the contemporary crisis of modern identities as they capture and bring to life the ambiguities at the heart of European modernity. Post-communist sites, as conceptualized in my project, are transitory psychosocial spaces which were created after the breakdown of European communism and the subsequent return of Eastern European countries to the so-called West. I argue that the relation of these transitory sites to dominant structures and experiences in the West is not one of strict otherness but of failed identity, in the sense that these sites reveal the fragility, fraudulence and finitude of the ideals and principles that have formed Europe's enlightenment project. They have been shaped by the conceptual frameworks and narratives of modern Europe but they represent particular instances and experiences in which these modern structures, their temporalities and identities, have been severely disrupted and undone. They don't offer returns to 'other' histories or non-European narratives nor do they allow for progressing towards a new stage in the evolution of European history, but they force us to acknowledge and confront the ambiguities and contemporary impasses characterizing today's Europe and its modern history. Post-communist sites, so the main argument of this project, are therefore sources for a critical reengagement with European modernity as they demand to rethink the modern project without ignoring or repressing the contradictions and the violence that have characterized its history. Alongside the epistemological argument, this project makes also a methodological claim by stressing that as liminal sites post-communist threshold experiences need to be explored through forms of knowledge production that are sensitive to the contradictory, sensual and uncanny realm of transitory sites. By drawing on aesthetic, social and psychoanalytic theory I show how contemporary artistic practice contains tools and strategies through which the particular nature of transitory sites and specifically of post-communist sites can be expressed and known. My argument on post-communist sites therefore starts from artistic situations and the symbolism used in particular contemporary artworks which engage with the material/social fabric of the post-communist realm. It uses these not to know the art through the means of thought but to develop an alternative form of social theory and thus an alternative form of knowledge which can be achieved if social theory mimics the forms and contents of contemporary art. When transmitted in art, post-communist sites, I argue, turn into sources for a particular form of knowing and remembering Europe's history which on the one hand brings to life painful memories of past catastrophes that fail to be comprehended across the continent, such as the disappearance of Europe's Jewish community or the structural violence enacted by totalitarian regimes, while simultaneously triggering memories of the radical hopes and ideals (freedom, social justice, communism) associated with the European project. Post-communist transitory sites are thus sources for an alternative, reflexive and critical epistemology which seeks to reactualize modern visions and practices while working through the catastrophes caused by the anti-semitic, racist and colonial social realities which have characterized Europe's history so far.

这个项目旨在巩固和传播我的博士论文的研究后共产主义条件作为一个门槛的经验。我的项目讨论了后共产主义空间和时间的特殊性，并认为后共产主义过渡网站允许对现代身份的当代危机的新视角，因为他们捕捉并带来生活在欧洲现代性的核心的模糊性。在我的项目中概念化的后共产主义场所是在欧洲共产主义崩溃以及随后东欧国家回归所谓的西方之后创建的过渡性心理社会空间。我认为，这些短暂的网站在西方占主导地位的结构和经验的关系不是严格的他者，但失败的身份，在这个意义上说，这些网站揭示了脆弱性，欺骗性和有限的理想和原则，形成了欧洲的启蒙工程。它们是由现代欧洲的概念框架和叙事塑造的，但它们代表了这些现代结构、它们的时间性和身份被严重破坏和破坏的特定实例和经验。它们不提供对“其他”历史或非欧洲叙事的回归，也不允许欧洲历史演变进入新阶段，但它们迫使我们承认和面对当今欧洲及其现代历史的模糊性和当代僵局。因此，后共产主义遗址，即本项目的主要论点，是对欧洲现代性进行批判性重新参与的源泉，因为它们要求重新思考现代项目，而不忽视或压制其历史特征的矛盾和暴力。除了认识论的论点，这个项目也提出了一个方法论的主张，强调作为阈网站后共产主义的门槛经验需要通过知识生产的形式，敏感的矛盾，感性和神秘的领域的过渡网站进行探索。通过借鉴美学，社会和精神分析理论，我展示了当代艺术实践如何包含工具和策略，通过这些工具和策略，可以表达和了解过渡性网站，特别是后共产主义网站的特殊性质。因此，我对后共产主义遗址的论证是从艺术情境和特别是当代艺术作品中使用的象征主义开始的，这些艺术作品与后共产主义领域的物质/社会结构相结合。它使用这些不是通过思想的方式来了解艺术，而是发展一种替代形式的社会理论，从而发展一种替代形式的知识，如果社会理论模仿当代艺术的形式和内容，就可以实现这种知识。它们成为了解和记忆欧洲历史的一种特殊形式的来源，一方面，它使人们对过去未能理解的灾难的痛苦记忆栩栩如生，在欧洲大陆，犹太人社区的消失或极权主义政权实施的结构性暴力，同时引发与欧洲项目相关的激进希望和理想（自由，社会正义，共产主义）的记忆。因此，后共产主义过渡场所是另一种反思性和批判性认识论的来源，这种认识论寻求重新实现现代愿景和实践，同时努力解决迄今为止欧洲历史上的反犹太主义、种族主义和殖民主义社会现实所造成的灾难。