Emotional AI: Comparative Considerations for UK and Japan across Commercial, Political and Security Sectors

情感人工智能：英国和日本在商业、政治和安全领域的比较考虑因素

• 批准号: ES/S013008/1
• 负责人: Andrew John McStay
• 金额: $ 6.41万
• 依托单位: Bangor University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS013008%2F1
• 关键词: Emotional; AI; Comparative; Considerations; UK

CONTEXTEmotional AI comprises affective computing and AI techniques to sense human emotional life. Using weak AI rather than strong AI, machines read and react to emotions via text, images, voice, computer vision and biometric sensing. Emotional AI is an emergent phenomenon appearing across diverse devices and life contexts. Examples include: city sensing such as ads that analyse faces for emotional reactions; analysis of sentiment on social media (used for policing, political campaigning, marketing); wearables that track moods of workers; and human-machine interaction (eg home assistants). A leading technology analyst, Gartner, predicts that by 2022 personal devices will know more about a person's emotional state than their family. Emotional AI raises important social questions, esp. on how data about online feeling, bodily affects, physiological expression, attention and intention should be used. Harms include: privacy violations, unauthorised uses of data about emotions, visibility of private thoughts, hidden influence, lack of scope to opt-out of monitoring of emotional behaviour, and impact on self-conception of emotional identity.AIMS/OBJECTIVESTo bring together in interdisciplinary fora 40 UK and Japanese academics, industry, NGOs and regulators to better understand the constitution, and commercial/civic/security implications, of a world where emotional AI is increasingly central. Through this network, we will identify pressing cross-cultural research projects on emotional AI, sensitive to culture, policy, ethics, technological trends and industrial context. We will hold workshops in Japan (2 x 2-day) and London (1 x 1-day). Each involves inter-disciplinary academics, NGOs, policy-makers, industry and technologists (15-20 high value people/workshop drawn from Japan/UK):- Japan Workshop 1 (Emotional AI - Commerce & Civic Life) will focus on the emergence of emotional AI, and its commercial and civic dimensions. - Japan Workshop 2 (Emotional AI - Security & Civic Life) will examine the role of emotional (and wider) AI, in security, predictive policing and surveillance.- UK Workshop 3 (Emotional AI & Cross-Cultural Considerations) will brief UK academics/stakeholders (incl. start-ups) on what has been learnt from our interactions in Japan, providing insights and cross-cultural considerations of emotional AI and its application to commercial, civic and security issues. This workshop will be held at Digital Catapult, the UK's leading agency for early adoption of advanced digital technologies. Through the 3 workshops, we will meet stakeholders in Japan/UK who can be brought in on grant ideas.Following the workshops, we will develop grant bids to UK funders. To achieve this, the UK-based Principle Investigator (PI) and Co-Investigator (Co-I) will spend 26 days in Japan; the UK-based Early Career Researcher (ECR) will spend 21 days in Japan; 2 other UK-based academics will each spend 6 days in Japan; and the Japan-based International Co-I (ICo-I) will spend 19 days in UK.Deliverables:- 3 workshops (2 in Japan, 1 in UK): Japan workshops will have simultaneous bilingual translation.- New grant applications to AHRC, ESRC, EPSRC or Innovate UK with Japan ICo-Is and UK/Japan end users.- Bilingual website to inform/attract participants/stakeholders.- Bilingual blog entries written by workshop participants to provocations posed by workshop leaders.- A written report on insights/recommendations.APPLICATIONS/BENEFITSWe will:- Raise UK/Japanese stakeholder awareness (technology industry, policy-makers, NGOs) of the need to understand, and be involved in, cross-cultural (UK-Japan) interdisciplinary research on emotional AI and its commercial/civic/security implications.- Establish a deep collaborative UK-Japan interdisciplinary, multi-end user network on emotional AI, building cross-national research capacity.

CONTEXTEal 情感人工智能包括情感计算和人工智能技术来感知人类情感生活。使用弱人工智能而不是强人工智能，机器通过文本、图像、语音、计算机视觉和生物识别传感来读取情绪并做出反应。情感人工智能是一种出现在不同设备和生活环境中的新兴现象。例子包括：城市感知，例如分析面部情绪反应的广告；社交媒体情绪分析（用于治安、政治竞选、营销）；追踪员工情绪的可穿戴设备；和人机交互（例如家庭助理）。领先的技术分析师 Gartner 预测，到 2022 年，个人设备将比家人更了解一个人的情绪状态。情感人工智能提出了重要的社会问题，尤其是。关于如何使用有关在线感受、身体影响、生理表达、注意力和意图的数据。危害包括：侵犯隐私、未经授权使用有关情绪的数据、私人想法的可见性、隐藏的影响、缺乏选择退出情绪行为监控的范围以及对情绪身份的自我概念的影响。目的/目标将 40 位英国和日本学者、行业、非政府组织和监管机构聚集在跨学科论坛上，以更好地了解情绪人工智能世界的构成以及商业/公民/安全影响 越来越中心化。通过这个网络，我们将确定对情感人工智能、对文化、政策、道德、技术趋势和产业背景敏感的紧迫跨文化研究项目。我们将在日本（2 x 2 天）和伦敦（1 x 1 天）举办研讨会。每个研讨会都涉及跨学科学者、非政府组织、政策制定者、行业和技术专家（来自日本/英国的 15-20 名高价值人士/研讨会）：- 日本研讨会 1（情感人工智能 - 商业与公民生活）将重点关注情感人工智能的出现及其商业和公民维度。 - 日本研讨会 2（情感人工智能 - 安全与公民生活）将研究情感（和更广泛的）人工智能在安全、预测性警务和监视中的作用。 - 英国研讨会 3（情感人工智能和跨文化考虑）将向英国学者/利益相关者（包括初创企业）介绍我们从日本互动中学到的知识，提供情感人工智能及其应用的见解和跨文化考虑 商业、公民和安全问题。该研讨会将在英国早期采用先进数字技术的领先机构 Digital Catapult 举行。通过这 3 场研讨会，我们将与日本/英国的利益相关者会面，他们可以提出资助想法。研讨会结束后，我们将为英国资助者制定资助投标。为了实现这一目标，驻英国的首席研究员 (PI) 和联合研究员 (Co-I) 将在日本停留 26 天；英国的早期职业研究员 (ECR) 将在日本度过 21 天；另外 2 名英国学者将分别在日本度过 6 天；总部位于日本的国际 Co-I (ICo-I) 将在英国停留 19 天。可交付成果：- 3 个研讨会（2 个在日本，1 个在英国）：日本研讨会将提供双语同声翻译。- 与日本 ICo-Is 和英国/日本最终用户一起向 AHRC、ESRC、EPSRC 或 Innovate UK 提交新的资助申请。- 用于通知/吸引参与者/利益相关者的双语网站。- 编写双语博客文章 研讨会参与者对研讨会领导者提出的挑衅。- 关于见解/建议的书面报告。应用/好处我们将：- 提高英国/日本利益相关者（技术行业、政策制定者、非政府组织）对理解和参与情感人工智能及其商业/公民/安全影响的跨文化（英国-日本）跨学科研究的必要性的认识。- 建立深度合作的英国-日本 关于情感人工智能的跨学科、多终端用户网络，建设跨国研究能力。

项目成果

'This time with feeling?' Assessing EU data governance implications of out of home appraisal based emotional AI

• DOI: 10.5210/fm.v24i10.9457
• 发表时间: 2019-10
• 期刊: First Monday
• 作者: Andrew McStay;Lachlan D. Urquhart

EMOTIONAL AI: JAPAN & UK FINAL REPORT ON A CONVERSATION BETWEEN CULTURES

情感人工智能：日本

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: McStay A

Report on Interim Insights from Tokyo Workshops

东京研讨会的中期见解报告

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: McStay, Andrew

'Human Data Interaction Through Design: An Exploratory from Theory to Practice Using Design as a Vehicle'

“通过设计实现人机数据交互：以设计为载体的从理论到实践的探索”

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Sailaja, N.