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A Family of Nations? Brexit, Devolution and the Union

一个国际大家庭？

基本信息

批准号：
ES/T000856/1
负责人：
Nicola McEwen
金额：
$ 58.26万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FT000856%2F1
关键词：
Family Nations Brexit Devolution Union

项目摘要

The project examines the impact of Brexit on relationships between the four nations/territories of the UK. Devolution was designed and developed within the context of the EU, and EU membership has been important in easing territorial relationships within the UK. The Brexit process is straining these relationships, and could mark a turning point in the system of multi-level government in the UK.Politicians often use the family as a metaphor when discussing territorial relationships. This project will draw upon ideas developed by sociologists to study relationships within families as a way of understanding and explaining dynamics in the relationships between governments and territories across the UK. The project aims to identify new tensions, opportunities and constraints. It examines the evolution of formal engagement and decision making between the UK and the devolved governments, but it tests the idea that these are conditioned by more informal interactions and the culture surrounding these. This includes the perceptions key players have about their role and the role of others, and the attitudes and behaviour they display. Relationships are studied in three sets of discussions provoked by Brexit: the UK's approach to EU negotiations; the negotiation and implementation of new trade deals; and the future of the UK 'internal market', which aims to avoid distortions in trade and competition once the UK is no longer subject to EU laws.The UK's exit from the EU coincides with the 20th anniversary of devolution. Brexit is posing big challenges for devolution, but it also offers an opportunity to reform the ways in which the governments and territories of the UK interact and work together. However, the project contends that opportunities for reform will be limited by five sets of constraints: (i) how the UK as a country, and the roles and responsibilities of its different governments, are understood among key players; (ii) the asymmetry, or unevenness, of devolution and decentralised government, including the lack of a distinctive national voice for England; (iii) pressures from the EU and the international community for the UK to speak with one voice in international negotiations and treaty-making; (iv) party political differences and competition between the UK and devolved governments; and (v) the politics of Scottish independence, especially in light of the expectation that Brexit will be the justification used by the Scottish First Minister to take steps towards a new independence referendum.The project benefits from a small comparative study of Australia and Canada, as two countries outside of the EU that have wrestled with how to share power between their federal and regional governments. These case studies will pay particular attention to how the territories work together to negotiate and implement trade deals, and to support trade and mobility within each of the countries. Brexit attracts a lot of media and public interest, but its effect on the territorial future of the UK is often neglected. This project aims to raise awareness of the challenges that Brexit has generated for the relationships between the governments and territories of the UK. A major focus will be to increase understanding of these issues among policy makers, supporting them in responding to the challenges, including with ideas for reform. The project will also raise awareness among the public by making use of digital communication including videos and other visual images, articles in newspapers, appearances on radio and TV news, and public events designed to helping citizens be more informed about and engaged in debates on the territorial and constitutional future of the UK.

该项目考察了英国脱欧对英国四个国家/地区之间关系的影响。权力下放是在欧盟的背景下设计和发展的，欧盟成员国身份对于缓解英国内部的领土关系一直很重要。英国脱欧进程正在使这些关系变得紧张，这可能标志着英国多层政府体系的一个转折点。政客们在讨论领土关系时经常用家庭作为比喻。这个项目将借鉴社会学家提出的研究家庭关系的想法，作为一种理解和解释英国政府和领土之间关系的动态的方式。该项目旨在确定新的紧张局势、机会和制约因素。它考察了英国和权力下放政府之间正式接触和决策的演变，但它检验了这样一种观点，即这些受到更多非正式互动以及围绕这些互动的文化的制约。这包括关键参与者对自己的角色和他人的角色的看法，以及他们所表现出的态度和行为。英国退欧引发的三组讨论研究了两国之间的关系：英国对欧盟谈判的态度；新贸易协议的谈判和实施；以及英国“内部市场”的未来，该市场旨在一旦英国不再受欧盟法律约束，避免贸易和竞争的扭曲。英国退出欧盟恰逢权力下放20周年。英国退欧给权力下放带来了巨大挑战，但它也为改革英国政府和领土互动和合作的方式提供了机会。然而，该项目辩称，改革的机会将受到五组限制：(I)关键参与者如何理解英国作为一个国家及其不同政府的角色和责任；(Ii)权力下放和权力下放政府的不对称或不平衡，包括缺乏独特的国家声音；(Iii)来自欧盟和国际社会的压力，要求英国在国际谈判和条约制定中以一个声音说话；(Iv)政党政治分歧以及英国和权力下放政府之间的竞争；以及(V)苏格兰独立的政治，特别是考虑到苏格兰首席部长将以英国退欧为理由采取措施举行新的独立公投。该项目得益于对澳大利亚和加拿大进行的一项小型比较研究，这两个国家作为欧盟以外的两个国家，一直在努力在各自的联邦和地区政府之间分享权力。这些案例研究将特别关注领土如何合作谈判和执行贸易协议，以及如何支持每个国家内的贸易和流动。英国脱欧吸引了很多媒体和公众的兴趣，但它对英国领土未来的影响往往被忽视。该项目旨在提高人们对英国脱欧给英国政府和领土之间的关系带来的挑战的认识。一个主要的重点将是提高政策制定者对这些问题的理解，支持他们应对挑战，包括提出改革的想法。该项目还将利用数字传播，包括视频和其他视觉图像、报纸上的文章、广播和电视新闻的露面，以及旨在帮助公民更多地了解和参与关于英国领土和宪法未来的辩论的公共活动，从而提高公众的意识。