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Reducing land degradation and carbon loss from Ethiopia's soils to strengthen livelihoods and resilience (RALENTIR)

减少埃塞俄比亚土壤的土地退化和碳损失，以增强生计和复原力 (RALENTIR)

基本信息

批准号：
ES/T003073/1
负责人：
Euan Phimister
金额：
$ 117.33万
依托单位：
University of Aberdeen
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FT003073%2F1
关键词：
Reducing land degradation carbon loss

项目摘要

Land degradation is a major problem in Ethiopia. Recent estimates put the size of degraded land in Ethiopia at more than one-quarter of the entire country, which affects nearly a third of the population. Land degradation takes many forms and has many different effects, with the most adverse impacts on poor people, who depend heavily on natural resources. Forests, soils, water, biodiversity, and economic and social services derived from the ecosystems are all affected. Climate change and extreme weather events, such as the recent El Niño effect, significantly increase the risk of soil erosion, and losses of soil nutrients. The impact of degradation and measures to restore land are inherently unequally distributed across the population in time and space. Restoring degraded common lands through the establishment of "exclosure" areas where traditional community access is restricted is widely used in Ethiopia. These restrictions particularly affect those without access to other sources of firewood and grazing. Such inequalities and local perceptions of justice need to be taken into account if soil restoration is to be sustainable in the long run. This project aims to improve the design of measures to combat land degradation while considering equity and justice, strengthening risk management and benefits for communities, particularly poor and marginal groups, increasing the capacity of local people to adapt and improve their lives. The project draws on an interdisciplinary approach covering anthropology, agricultural and forestry science, economics, environmental modelling, hydrology, sociology, and soil science. In case study areas within the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region in Ethiopia (SNNPR) covering different agricultural and climatic zones, the project will design interventions with the Ethiopian Bureau of Agriculture to- Train and provide access to exclosures to selected eligible landless youth and women to enable them to undertake new productive activities in 1) beekeeping or 2) livestock management. - Demonstrate and train local farmers in simple measures to address gully formationThe research aims to find out the impact of the new interventions on the participants, how the interventions were communicated and promoted within the communities, how they were experienced by different groups, and their impact on preferences and attitudes to natural resource management within the community. The project will collect soil, hydrology and socio-economic data. This will be used with environmental and economic modelling to measure the impacts of the interventions on the direct participants, and preferences for natural resource management in the wider community, and the potential long-term effects on land degradation, thus helping to improve the design local natural resource management. With local and regional practitioners, development agents and representatives of local communities, the project will draw together all the results of the research to develop recommendations for improving frameworks to planning land degradation measures aligned to communities' aspirations, values and notions of justice.

土地退化是埃塞俄比亚的一个主要问题。最近的估计显示，埃塞俄比亚退化土地的面积超过全国的四分之一，影响了近三分之一的人口。土地退化有多种形式，并产生多种不同的影响，其中对严重依赖自然资源的穷人影响最大。森林、土壤、水、生物多样性以及来自生态系统的经济和社会服务都受到影响。气候变化和极端天气事件，例如最近的厄尔尼诺效应，显着增加了土壤侵蚀和土壤养分损失的风险。退化的影响和恢复土地的措施本质上在时间和空间上在人口中分布不均。埃塞俄比亚广泛采用通过建立限制传统社区进入的“隔离”区域来恢复退化的公共土地的方法。这些限制尤其影响那些无法获得其他木柴和放牧来源的人。如果土壤恢复要长期可持续，就需要考虑到这种不平等和当地的正义观念。该项目旨在完善防治土地退化措施的设计，同时考虑公平和正义，加强风险管理和社区特别是贫困和边缘群体的利益，提高当地人民适应和改善生活的能力。该项目采用跨学科方法，涵盖人类学、农业和林业科学、经济学、环境建模、水文学、社会学和土壤科学。在埃塞俄比亚南方国家、民族和人民地区 (SNNPR) 涵盖不同农业和气候带的案例研究领域，该项目将与埃塞俄比亚农业局一起设计干预措施，为选定的符合条件的无土地青年和妇女提供培训和机会，使他们能够在 1) 养蜂或 2) 牲畜管理方面开展新的生产活动。 - 示范和培训当地农民采取简单的措施来解决沟壑形成问题。该研究旨在找出新干预措施对参与者的影响，这些干预措施如何在社区内沟通和推广，不同群体的体验如何，以及它们对社区内自然资源管理的偏好和态度的影响。该项目将收集土壤、水文和社会经济数据。这将与环境和经济模型一起使用，以衡量干预措施对直接参与者的影响、更广泛社区对自然资源管理的偏好，以及对土地退化的潜在长期影响，从而有助于改进当地自然资源管理的设计。该项目将与当地和区域从业者、发展机构和当地社区的代表一起，汇集所有研究结果，制定建议，以改进框架，规划符合社区愿望、价值观和正义观念的土地退化措施。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Challenges in the Governance of Community-Managed Forests in Ethiopia: Review

埃塞俄比亚社区管理森林治理面临的挑战：回顾

DOI：
10.3390/su14031478
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Sustainability
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Yami M
通讯作者：
Yami M

High-Frequency Inductive Power Transfer Through Soil for Agricultural Applications

农业应用中通过土壤的高频感应电力传输

DOI：
10.1109/tpel.2023.3305642
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Arteaga, Juan M.;Sanchez, John;Elsakloul, Faraj;Marin, Maria;Zesiger, Cody;Pucci, Nunzio;Norton, Gareth J.;Young, Darrin J.;Boyle, David E.;Yeatman, Eric M.
通讯作者：
Yeatman, Eric M.

Changes in soil properties with long-term organic inputs due to distance from homestead and farm characteristics in southern Ethiopian farmlands