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Water and Fire: Enhancing capacity and reducing risk through 15 'Best Bets' for transformative adaptation with vulnerable residents on the Cape Flats

水与火：通过 15 个“最佳选择”提高开普平原弱势居民的能力并降低风险

基本信息

批准号：
ES/T003561/1
负责人：
Derek McGhee
金额：
$ 116.5万
依托单位：
University of Stirling
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FT003561%2F1
关键词：
Water Fire Enhancing capacity reducing

项目摘要

South Africa's township residents are beset with legacy economic and social challenges of apartheid, poverty, and constrained development opportunities. The scale of this challenge is heightened by migration to cities, and rapid, extensive growth of formal and informal settlements, which are extremely susceptible to environmental risks. Climate change has exacerbated the risk of disasters as these destructive events have increased in severity and frequency. Urban densification, infrastructural collapse, poor post-apartheid governance, as well as mistrust between marginalised communities and state actors has compounded the effects of environmental disasters. Disenfranchised groups, including migrants, unemployed youth, the elderly, and ethnic and linguistic minorities are most at risk of the direct, indirect, immediate and systemic harms of such events, especially as they are intimately and complexly interwoven with structural oppressions, such as poverty, gender discrimination, racism, violence, and political alienation. Infrastructural collapse and emergency or disaster response services to township fire-outbreaks and water-shortages have been met with violence, where breakdown in trust between different levels of government, public services, and township residents have frequently provoked outrage. Three escalating environmental hazards disproportionately and differentially impact on excluded communities on the Cape Flats of Cape Town, South Africa. These are recurrent large-scale fires, widespread water shortages and in-access, and large-scale flooding. To mitigate the social impacts of disasters related to water and fire, and to meet the justice and inclusion priorities of the UN SDGs and UNISDR Sendai Framework priorities of 'build back better', risk-affected communities need to be supported to lead policy and practice changes to reduce these risksThe project draws on themes of water and fire to bring disaster risk management to sustainable development by building local capacity in directing decisions for responses to environmental hazards that most affect the marginalised. In an age of government austerity and economic strain, township residents have been forced to become increasingly self-reliant and resourceful. The project will supportively mobilise local knowledges to mitigate disaster by prioritising coproduced, cooperative strategies. These may include coactivation of practical community-driven programmes, but also bottom-up policy strategy development to effectively respond to environmental disasters. We will engage democratic and creative participatory methods to mobilise the lived experiences of affected residents as primary evidence to challenge current disaster management processes and promote community-based resilience actions. Through the systematic co-development of a set of resilience actions, this project will directly benefit risk-affected communities in their efforts to mitigate disaster risks and achieve sustainable livelihoods. These resilience actions include collaborative partnership with risk-affected communities to: assemble local knowledge drawn from residents' lived experiences to mitigate risks; engage indigenous democratic processes and creative interventions to mobilise local knowledge towards proactive responses to disaster risks; mobilise local knowledge to codevelop a set of agreed 15 "Best Bets" as shared, practical resilience actions to help reduce disaster risks; develop these 15 "Best Bets" into a community-driven policy strategy for disaster risk reduction; in the process, create a democratic framework for codeveloping policy strategies and community resilience actions to reduce disaster risks in affected communities. Planned activities will include legkotlas, indabas, community mapping activities, digital story-telling, and public engagement events to showcase creative and useable products of the community-driven engagement process, thus increasing positive societal impact.

南非的城镇居民被种族隔离、贫困和有限的发展机会等遗留的经济和社会挑战所困扰。这一挑战的规模因向城市的移民以及极易受到环境风险影响的正式和非正式住区的迅速、广泛增长而加剧。气候变化加剧了灾害的风险，因为这些破坏性事件的严重程度和频率都有所增加。城市人口密集、基础设施崩溃、后种族隔离时代糟糕的治理，以及边缘化社区与国家行为体之间的不信任，加剧了环境灾难的影响。被剥夺公民权的群体，包括移民、失业青年、老年人以及少数民族和语言少数群体，最容易受到此类事件的直接、间接、即时和系统性伤害，特别是因为它们与贫困、性别歧视、种族主义、暴力和政治异化等结构性压迫密切而复杂地交织在一起。基础设施的崩溃以及对乡镇火灾和水资源短缺的应急或灾害响应服务遭遇暴力，各级政府、公共服务机构和乡镇居民之间的信任破裂经常引发愤怒。三种不断升级的环境危害对南非开普敦开普平原上被排斥的社区的影响不成比例和差异。这些问题包括经常性的大规模火灾、广泛的水资源短缺和无法进入以及大规模洪水。为了减轻与水和火灾有关的灾害的社会影响，并满足联合国可持续发展目标和联合国减少灾害风险办公室仙台框架“更好地重建”的正义和包容优先事项，需要支持受风险影响的社区引领政策和实践变革，以减少这些风险。该项目以水和火为主题，通过建设地方能力，指导决策，以应对对边缘化群体影响最大的环境危害，从而将灾害风险管理纳入可持续发展。在政府紧缩和经济紧张的时代，乡镇居民被迫变得越来越自力更生和足智多谋。该项目将通过优先考虑共同制定的合作战略，支持性地调动当地知识来减轻灾害。这可能包括共同启动实际的社区驱动方案，但也包括自下而上的政策战略制定，以有效应对环境灾害。我们将采用民主和创造性的参与式方法，动员受影响居民的生活经验，作为挑战当前灾害管理进程的主要证据，并促进以社区为基础的抗灾行动。通过系统地共同制定一系列抗灾行动，该项目将直接惠及受风险影响的社区，帮助他们减轻灾害风险，实现可持续生计。这些抗灾行动包括与受风险影响的社区建立合作伙伴关系，以便：从居民的生活经验中收集当地知识，以减轻风险；参与土著民主进程和创造性干预措施，调动当地知识，积极应对灾害风险；调动当地知识，共同制定一套商定的15项“最佳方案”，作为共享的、实用的抗灾行动，以帮助减少灾害风险；将这15个“最佳选择”发展成为社区驱动的减少灾害风险的政策战略；在此过程中，创建一个民主框架，共同制定政策战略和社区恢复力行动，以减少受影响社区的灾害风险。计划的活动将包括legkotlas、indabas、社区地图活动、数字故事讲述和公众参与活动，以展示社区推动参与过程的创意和可用产品，从而增加积极的社会影响。