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The Persistence of the Victorian Prison: Alteration, Inhabitation, Obsolescence and Affirmative Design

维多利亚监狱的延续：改造、居住、过时和平权设计

基本信息

批准号：
ES/T005483/1
负责人：
Dominique Moran
金额：
$ 83.46万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FT005483%2F1
关键词：
Persistence Victorian Prison Alteration Inhabitation

项目摘要

Twenty-two thousand, or over a quarter, of the custodial population of England and Wales currently reside in 32 prisons with Victorian-era accommodation, and since most of these are 'local' prisons (i.e. holding those awaiting trial or sentencing), very few of the remaining sixty thousand will NOT have spent time in one. Media reports describe their continued operation as a 'scandal', and frequent calls to 'tear down the Victorian prisons' echo a 1922 report claiming that 'the only reform to which the buildings can be usefully subjected is dynamite'. A century on, despite politicians' frequent promises to close these outdated 'relics', they remain an integral part of the prison estate.What are the implications of their continued operation? How can we understand the tension between the capacity of old buildings to carry (or not) new ideas and experiences, versus their capacity to carry the traces of their own past and the past lives they contained? This project asks how and with what implications Victorian-era prisons continue to operate despite their apparent obsolescence, and whether their operation should continue.The 'persistence' of Victorian prisons means that despite being considered 'outdated' in the 1920s, many have operated for a further century, and their permanence is reinforced through numerous intertextual loops in the collective consciousness. Through multiple methodologies, this project traces the fabric, function, feel, 'framing' and 'fallout' of these prisons - the ways in which the buildings have changed over time; the influence of the buildings over prison management across their period of operation; what it was and is like to be incarcerated in these buildings over time, and the implications of their continued operation. What we mean by 'framing' and 'fallout' is the ways in which the survival of these buildings influences wider transformation in the prison estate, both in terms of potentially hindering broader progress in the contemporary prison estate, and influencing both contemporary design and construction processes, and notions of what prison should be 'like'.In partnership with the UK's oldest penal reform organisation The Howard League for Penal Reform, this interdisciplinary project combines archival research, oral histories, discourse analysis of literary and media sources, interviews, creative methodologies with prisoners and staff, and a public engagement and co-production strategy - engaging both incarcerated and 'free' populations - to understand these prisons' material and conceptual solidity. A series of interactive multimedia exhibitions (both inside and outside prisons) builds cumulatively and reflectively upon diverse materials (e.g. archival records and photographs, oral histories, prisoner poetry and artwork), culminating in a conference addressing the critical policy question of the future of these Victorian establishments.By tracing these prisons through time, the project critically reinterprets notions of obsolescence in the built environment, explores the UK's enduring cultural attachment to a particular (arguably archaic) material manifestation of punishment, and informs contemporary policy development around these contentious issues.

英格兰和威尔士在押人口的2.2万，即超过四分之一，目前居住在32所带有维多利亚时代住宿条件的监狱中，由于这些监狱中的大多数是“地方”监狱(即关押那些等待审判或宣判的人)，剩下的60,000人中很少有人不会在一所监狱里度过时间。媒体报道称，这些建筑的持续运营是一桩“丑闻”，频繁有人呼吁“拆除维多利亚时期的监狱”，这呼应了1922年的一份报告，该报告称，“唯一可以对这些建筑进行有效改革的就是炸药房”。一个世纪过去了，尽管政客们经常承诺要关闭这些过时的“遗迹”，但它们仍然是监狱不可或缺的一部分。它们继续运营会带来什么影响？我们如何理解老建筑承载(或不承载)新思想和体验的能力与承载自身过去和过去生活痕迹的能力之间的紧张关系？这个项目询问维多利亚时代的监狱在表面上过时的情况下如何继续运营，以及它们的影响是什么，以及它们是否应该继续运营。维多利亚时代监狱的持续存在意味着，尽管在20世纪20年代被认为是过时的，但许多监狱已经运营了一个世纪，它们的持久性通过集体意识中的无数互文循环而得到加强。通过多种方法，该项目追踪了这些监狱的结构、功能、感觉、“框架”和“余波”--这些建筑随着时间的推移发生了变化；这些建筑在其运营期间对监狱管理的影响；随着时间的推移，被关押在这些建筑中是什么样子，以及它们继续运营的影响。我们所说的“框架”和“后果”是指这些建筑的存活如何影响监狱的更广泛的改造，既有可能阻碍当代监狱更广泛的进步，也会影响当代设计和建设过程，以及监狱应该是什么样子的概念。这个跨学科的项目与英国历史最悠久的刑罚改革组织霍华德刑事改革联盟合作，结合了档案研究、口述历史、文学和媒体来源的话语分析、采访、与囚犯和工作人员的创造性方法。以及一种公共参与和联合制作战略--让被监禁的和“自由的”人群参与进来--以了解这些监狱的材料和概念的稳定性。一系列互动的多媒体展览(监狱内外)建立在不同的材料(例如档案记录和照片、口述历史、囚犯诗歌和艺术品)的累积和反思的基础上，最终在一次会议上讨论这些维多利亚时期监狱的未来的关键政策问题。通过追溯这些监狱的时间，该项目批判性地重新解释了建筑环境中过时的概念，探索了英国对特定(可以说是古老的)惩罚物质表现的持久文化依恋，并为围绕这些有争议的问题的当代政策发展提供了信息。