Picking, packing and plucking: International Migration in the post Brexit world

采摘、包装和采摘：英国脱欧后世界的国际移民

• 批准号: ES/X005720/1
• 负责人: Catherine Barnard
• 金额: $ 50.46万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FX005720%2F1
• 关键词: Picking; packing; plucking; International; Migration

This fellowship has a macro and a micro level dimension.At the macro-level I shall look at migration in the broader context of the UK's international obligations under the WTO (GATT and GATS), under the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA), and in respect of future trade agreements such as CPTPP. This is just one part of the complex post Brexit landscape which has involved a reshaping of the UK's internal relationships via the UK Internal market Act 2020, the unique position of Northern Ireland, the implications of the Scottish Independence Referendum Bill, and a rebalancing of the relationships between the legislature, executive and the courts, all of which requires legal analysis and input.At the micro level I wish to examine the immigration/worker protection boundary, in respect of a marginalised community which has long been overlooked. This proposal therefore looks at the impact of labour migration on the East of England. EU migrants largely work in the fields and in food processing factories - doing the three Ps ('Picking, packing and plucking'). Their living and working conditions are poor and they are not well integrated into the local community. Post Brexit, the region has also seen a sharp increase in non-EU farm workers such as those from Ukraine and Kazakhstan, through the UK's new seasonal workers pilot scheme. COVID-19 has highlighted and intensified existing health inequalities, particularly experienced by those facing precarity, namely 'key workers' working in farms and factories in the region. Working with local migrant advice charities, I want to map the lived experience of these migrant workers over time: their arrival pre-Brexit, their experience with the EU Settlement Scheme, and their life chances post Brexit. We shall be looking (as a case study area) specifically at the situation of EU migrant workers in Great Yarmouth, a declining seaside town with the fifth highest leave vote in the UK and the highest number of EU migrants per capita outside London, including the impact on black EU migrant workers. I also want to track the reactions of the local community to these relative new arrivals and to the investment in the town as a result of the government's levelling up agenda. The proposal therefore contributes to the evolving field of legal geography: understanding the impact of law, especially EU law and now the law of the Withdrawal Agreement, on one particular disadvantaged neighbourhood.I am also interested in how EU migrants enforce their rights. This project will build on our recent pilot work on what we call 'pragmatic law' (Barnard et al 2022), expanding the evidence base from Great Yarmouth across the Eastern region of England. 'Pragmatic law' looks at street level, pragmatic (legal) problem resolution offered by charitable advice centres, operating in recognised advice deserts (such as the east of England) and working with marginalised migrant communities, especially women (our research to date shows the gendered reality of those accessing this type of free advice). Specifically, I wish to examine the role of early advice in helping people resolve their justiciable issues without needing to interact with more formal dispute resolution pathways such as ADR (alternative dispute resolution) or court pathways. My work also examines the extent to which individuals are experiencing 'problem clustering' (Genn, 1999) and how traditional legal problem resolution pathways are unsuitable for such intersectional and clustered issues such as debt, employment, immigration and housing problems. Helping individuals to address clustered issues in a holistic way is an under-recognised and under-analysed approach to (legal) problem resolution.

该奖学金有宏观和微观两个层面。在宏观层面上，我将在英国根据 WTO（关贸总协定和 GATS）、贸易与合作协定（TCA）以及未来贸易协定（如 CPTPP）的国际义务的更广泛背景下审视移民问题。这只是英国脱欧后复杂格局的一部分，其中涉及通过《2020 年英国内部市场法案》重塑英国内部关系、北爱尔兰的独特地位、苏格兰独立公投法案的影响，以及立法机关、行政部门和法院之间关系的重新平衡，所有这些都需要法律分析和投入。 长期被忽视的社区。因此，该提案着眼于劳动力移民对英格兰东部的影响。欧盟移民主要在田间和食品加工厂工作——从事“3P”（“采摘、包装和采摘”）工作。他们的生活和工作条件很差，不能很好地融入当地社区。英国脱欧后，通过英国新的季节性工人试点计划，该地区的非欧盟农业工人（例如来自乌克兰和哈萨克斯坦的工人）也急剧增加。 COVID-19 凸显并加剧了现有的健康不平等，特别是那些面临不稳定的人，即在该地区农场和工厂工作的“关键工人”。我想与当地的移民咨询慈善机构​​合作，绘制这些移民工人随着时间的推移的生活经历：他们在英国脱欧前抵达，他们在欧盟定居计划中的经历，以及他们在英国脱欧后的生活机会。我们将特别关注（作为案例研究领域）大雅茅斯的欧盟移民工人的状况，这是一个正在衰落的海滨小镇，在英国脱欧投票率排名第五，也是伦敦以外欧盟移民人均人数最多的城市，包括对欧盟黑人移民工人的影响。我还想追踪当地社区对这些相对较新的移民以及政府升级议程对城镇投资的反应。因此，该提案有助于法律地理学领域的不断发展：了解法律，特别是欧盟法律和现在的脱欧协议法律对某一特定弱势社区的影响。我也对欧盟移民如何行使其权利感兴趣。该项目将建立在我们最近关于“实用法”（Barnard et al 2022）的试点工作的基础上，将证据基础扩展到英格兰东部地区的大雅茅斯。 “实用法”着眼于街头层面、慈善咨询中心提供的务实（法律）问题解决方案，在公认的咨询荒漠（例如英格兰东部）运作，并与边缘化移民社区，特别是妇女合作（我们迄今为止的研究显示了获得此类免费咨询的人的性别现实）。具体来说，我希望研究早期建议在帮助人们解决可司法问题方面的作用，而无需与 ADR（替代性争议解决）或法院途径等更正式的争议解决途径进行互动。我的工作还研究了个人经历“问题集群”的程度（Genn，1999）以及传统的法律问题解决途径如何不适用于债务、就业、移民和住房问题等交叉和集群问题。帮助个人以整体方式解决集群问题是一种未被充分认识和分析的（法律）问题解决方法。

项目成果

Administrative (in)justice? Appellants' experiences of accessing justice in social security tribunals

行政司法？

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.82406
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Barnard C

Autonomy without Collapse in a Better European Union

更好的欧盟中的自治不会崩溃

• DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192897541.003.0009
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Barnard C

The Law and Practice of the Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol

爱尔兰-北爱尔兰议定书的法律和实践

• DOI: 10.1017/9781009109840.010
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Barnard C

Self-employment in UK law

英国法律中的自营职业

• DOI: 10.18778/0208-6069.103.03
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
• 作者: Barnard C

Retained EU law in the UK Legal Orders: Continuity between the Old and the New

英国保留欧盟法律法律秩序：新旧之间的连续性

• DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3947215
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: SSRN Electronic Journal
• 作者: Barnard C