VOCALIC ANALYSIS OF NATURAL DISCOURSE IN WELL AND DEPRESSED MOTHERS

14名抑郁母亲和18名非抑郁母亲的言语行为 在与他们3岁的孩子交谈时， 本研究 结果发现，抑郁的母亲发声较少， 经常和反应不那么迅速，以停止他们的 孩子的语言比健康的母亲。 在一个温和的压力 情况，（等待医生就诊），抑郁的母亲，但是 而不是健康的母亲， 言语生产力。 抑郁母亲的孩子说话更少 健康女性的孩子，尤其是坐着的时候， 和母亲一起吃午餐。 观察到的差异 母亲的行为被解释为表明， 不同的儿童群体会接触到非常不同的 社会化 抑郁女性的后代被教导 既要尽量减少社会交往， 对轻微的压力反应过度 的差异 孩子们的行为可能表明这些3岁的孩子 孩子们学会了与母亲保持互动 降到最低 这种适应方式可能会产生负面影响。 对儿童持续的社会、情感和认知能力的影响 发展 为了了解所观察到的 抑郁症患者的异常发声模式 母亲和他们的孩子，两个进一步的研究是 正在进行中 首先，经验的连续性问题将是 通过分析这些女性的谈话模式， 和三年后的孩子。 二是 为儿童提供替代环境支助的问题 将通过评估对话来检查发展情况 这些年幼的孩子和他们年长的兄弟姐妹的模式。 这些 观察是对孩子们的观察， 评估母婴互动，并再次在时间的 第一次后续评估。

The speech behavior of 14 depressed and 18 nondepressed mothers during conversation with their 3-year-old children was examined in this study. It was found that depressed mothers vocalized less often and responded less quickly to the cessation of their children's speech than healthy mothers. In a mildly stressful situation, (awaiting a doctor's visit), the depressed mothers, but not the healthy mothers, significantly increased their level of speech productivity. Children of the depressed mothers spoke less than children of healthy women, particularly while sitting and eating lunch with their mothers. The observed differences in the mothers' behaviors were interpreted as an indication that the two groups of children are exposed to very different patterns of socialization. The offspring of depressed women are being taught both to keep social interaction to a minimum and to be overreactive to even mild stresses. The differences in the children's behavior may indicate that already these 3-year-old children have learned to keep their interactions with their mother to a minimum. This manner of adaptation may have negative effects on the child's continued social, emotional and cognitive development. In order to understand the developmental impact of the observed aberrant patterns of vocalic interaction between depressed mothers and their young children, two further studies are underway. First, the question of continuity of experience will be addressed by analyzing the conversation patterns of these women and children three years after the initial observation. Second, the question of alternate environmental supports for the children's development will be examined by assessing the conversation patterns of these young children and their older siblings. These observations are of the children both at the time of the original assessment of mother-child interaction and again at the time of the first follow-up assessment.