INFORMATION-PROCESSING DEFICITS IN SCHIZOPHRENIC CHILDREN

精神分裂症儿童的信息处理缺陷

• 批准号: 3944795
• 负责人: T SHERMAN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3944795
• 关键词: attention; cognition disorders; human subject; mental disorder diagnosis; neural information processing; psychomotor reaction time; schizophrenia; sensory feedback; visual perception

This project was designed to add to the growing body of literature concerning core cognitive impairments in schizophrenic children. Both adult and child schizophrenics show a wide range of impairments on a variety of cognitive tasks. However, if these studies are examined carefully, it does not appear that we have been able to identify a specific process that is consistently impaired in schizophrenic individuals. This suggests that the impairment is more systemic, not simply contained within a small set of isolable information processing functions. In this study, based on the Feature Integration Theory of Attention by Treisman and Gelade, the ability of the schizophrenic child to recognize the task relevance of, and engage in, serial and parallel modes of visual search is examined. The data reveal that schizophrenic children are as competent as MA-matched control children in their use of a parallel visual search strategy and a serial visual search strategy, and in their recognition of the situations under which each is the optimal strategy. Importantly, the data also reveal that schizophrenic children have a significantly greater start-up time then the MA-matched controls in the initiation of their search strategies. This difference is in the range of 480 msecs. This is much greater than would be predicted on the basis of merely a motor delay in button pushing. These results suggest that the schizophrenic individual does not have a specific information processing deficit, but rather a global deficit in time to initiate the operation of any information processing strategy, be it an automatic strategy or an attention demanding strategy. Such a deficit would be apparent in all tasks requiring speeded information processing, and in real-time processing of information.

这个项目的目的是增加文学的增长机构 关于精神分裂症儿童的核心认知障碍 成人和儿童精神分裂症患者都表现出广泛的 在各种认知任务上的损伤。 但如果这些 仔细检查研究，似乎我们没有 能够确定一个特定的过程， 在精神分裂症患者中受损。 这表明 损害是更系统的，而不是简单地包含在一个小的 一组独立的信息处理功能。 在本研究中， 基于Treisman的注意特征整合理论 和Gelade，精神分裂症儿童识别 任务相关性，并参与，串行和并行模式， 检查视觉搜索。 数据显示精神分裂症患者 儿童与MA匹配的对照儿童一样有能力， 他们使用平行视觉搜索策略和串行视觉搜索策略， 搜索策略，并在他们的情况下， 每个都是最优策略 重要的是，数据还 显示精神分裂症儿童有一个明显更大的 启动时间，然后MA匹配的对照组在启动时 他们的搜索策略。 这一差异在480的范围内 毫秒。 这比根据以下情况预测的要大得多： 仅仅是按键时的运动延迟。 这些结果表明 精神分裂症患者并没有一个特定的 信息处理不足，而是全球时间不足 为了启动任何信息处理策略的操作， 无论是自动策略还是需要注意力的策略。 这种不足在所有需要加速的任务中都是显而易见的。 信息处理和实时处理 信息.