Molecular Epidemiology And Clinical Outcome In Epithelial Ovarian Cancers

上皮性卵巢癌的分子流行病学和临床结果

• 批准号: G0801875/1
• 负责人: Simon Gayther
• 金额: $ 118.25万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=G0801875%2F1
• 关键词: Molecular; Epidemiology; Clinical; Outcome; Epithelial

Ovarian cancer kills between 4 and 5,000 women a year in the UK. It is one of the more lethal cancers in that when a women is diagnosed with the disease, she usually has a low chance of surviving more than 5 years. This statistic has changed very little in 4 decades. One approach to reducing death caused by cancer is to detect the disease at its earliest stages of development, when it is most treatable. However, many of the symptoms of early stage ovarian cancer are vague and there is no national screening programme that targets the detection of these cancers. If we could identify the proportion of the population that is a greatest risk of getting the disease, one could use a targeted strategy to screen these women and find any early signs of cancer as it develops. A person?s genetic make-up can increase their chance of getting one of many common diseases including diabetes, heart disease and breast cancer. By screening several million letters of DNA code that show variation from person to person, it is possible to find those letters that appear to be more common in individuals with certain diseases. This is what we have been doing for ovarian cancer; comparing the DNA code of thousands of women with the disease to women without disease. We now plan to take this information and find the handful of letters that seem to suggest a woman is at greatest risk of getting ovarian cancer. We will also test whether there are factors in her lifestyle- for example whether or not she has had children, or used the oral contraceptive pill- that also changes her risk of getting ovarian cancer. Once we have done this, we will be able to test whether it is feasible to use the markers we find to screen for the highest risk women throughout the whole population. To do these studies requires a large international effort, because we have to screen several thousands of women with disease and volunteers that have taken part in these studies. We are using the combined power of 11 different studies from around the world in order to perform this research. It is hoped that the findings will not only have an impact in the UK, but in other countries where ovarian cancer is also a major health problem

在英国，卵巢癌每年导致4000至5,000名妇女死亡。它是一种致命性更强的癌症，当一名妇女被诊断患有这种疾病时，她通常存活超过5年的机会很低。这一统计数据在40年里几乎没有变化。减少癌症死亡的一种方法是在疾病发展的最早阶段，也就是最容易治疗的时候，就发现这种疾病。然而，早期卵巢癌的许多症状是模糊的，没有针对这些癌症检测的国家筛查方案。如果我们能够确定患病风险最大的人群比例，就可以使用有针对性的策略来筛查这些女性，并在癌症发展过程中发现任何早期癌症迹象。一个人？女性的基因构成会增加她们患上糖尿病、心脏病和乳腺癌等常见疾病的几率。通过筛选显示人与人之间差异的数百万个DNA代码字母，有可能找到那些在患有某些疾病的个体中更常见的字母。这就是我们一直在为卵巢癌做的事情;将数千名患有这种疾病的女性的DNA代码与没有疾病的女性进行比较。我们现在计划利用这些信息，找到似乎表明女性患卵巢癌风险最大的几个字母。我们还将测试她的生活方式中是否有因素-例如她是否有孩子，或使用口服避孕药-也会改变她患卵巢癌的风险。一旦我们做到了这一点，我们将能够测试是否可以使用我们发现的标记来筛选整个人群中风险最高的女性。做这些研究需要国际社会的大力支持，因为我们必须对数千名患病妇女和参与这些研究的志愿者进行筛查。我们正在使用来自世界各地的11项不同研究的综合力量来进行这项研究。希望这一发现不仅能在英国产生影响，还能在卵巢癌也是主要健康问题的其他国家产生影响