Hospital-Associated Respiratory Virus Infections: Molecular Epidemiology, Clinical Outcomes, and Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions - COVID-19 Administrative Supplement

医院相关呼吸道病毒感染：分子流行病学、临床结果和干预措施的成本效益 - COVID-19 行政补充文件

• 批准号: 10265668
• 负责人: Joshua Glenn Petrie
• 金额: $ 6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-02 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10265668
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Acute; Administrative Supplement; Adult; Bioinformatics; COVID-19; COVID-19 intervention; COVID-19 pandemic; Clinical; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Cost Savings; Dangerousness; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic tests; Disease Outbreaks; Doctor of Philosophy; Effectiveness of Interventions; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiology; Etiology; Future; Goals; Health Benefit; Health Care Costs; Healthcare; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Incidence; Infection; Infection Control; Infection prevention; Influenza; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Measures; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Michigan; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Epidemiology; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Patients' Rooms; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Specimen; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; Work; advanced analytics; base; career; career development; case control; community burden; community setting; cost effective; cost effectiveness; flu transmission; health care settings; improved; infection burden; innovation; mathematical model; molecular diagnostics; mortality; multidisciplinary; next generation sequencing; novel; novel coronavirus; pandemic disease; pathogen; pediatric patients; personal protective equipment; prevent; programs; respiratory; respiratory infection virus; respiratory virus; response; screening; skills; success; transmission process; viral transmission; whole genome

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has strained hospital capacity and led to shortages in personal protective equipment and testing supplies. This is particularly concerning because the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 has resulted in notable healthcare associated outbreaks, as have other novel coronaviruses such as SARS and MERS. Past studies have shown that these outbreaks are preventable with prompt diagnosis of cases and appropriate use of personal protective equipment. In the face of shortages, hospitals must make rapid decisions on strategies to room patients, assign infection control precautions, ration personal protective equipment, and maintain adequate staffing. Accurate data and projections are needed to inform these decisions and evaluating their success is critical to managing the ongoing outbreak and informing future response. This need can be met by applying the existing aims of K01AI141579 to hospital-associated SARS- CoV-2 infection. The overall objective of the existing K01 project is to support Josh Petrie, PhD in the development of expertise in healthcare epidemiology, state-of-the-art molecular methods, and advanced modeling techniques. Completion of this objective is in progress through focused training and career development activities in healthcare epidemiology, next generation sequencing, bioinformatics, cost- effectiveness analysis, and mathematical modeling that is overseen by an excellent team of mentors. The skills that are being developed by the training and career development objectives are strengthened by mentored research to accomplish the following Specific Aims: (1) Define the epidemiology and burden of community- acquired and hospital-associated respiratory virus infections and compare clinical impact by viral species; (2) Improve the sensitivity and specificity of case definitions to identify hospital-associated respiratory virus cases by integrating clinical, epidemiologic, and molecular data; and (3) Determine the cost-effectiveness of increased respiratory virus screening and expanded infection control measures to reduce HA-RVI using mathematical models. The proposed administrative supplement will facilitate application of these aims to hospital-associated SARS-CoV-2 infection. The expected research outcomes of the proposed project are, 1) determination of the incidence and outcomes of hospital-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections; 2) improved identification of hospital-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections through integration of clinical, epidemiologic, and molecular data; and 3) quantification of the effects of COVID-19 response strategies in the hospital on the incidence of hospital-associated SARS-CoV-2. The proposed research is significant because it is expected that the outcomes of this work and future studies that build upon it, will inform ongoing response to the COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics. This research is innovative both in its use of cross-disciplinary methodology that allows for new avenues of research.

项目摘要/摘要 新冠肺炎疫情使医院运力紧张，并导致个人防护装备短缺 和测试用品。这一点特别令人担忧，因为导致新冠肺炎的SARS-CoV-2病毒 导致与医疗保健相关的显著暴发，以及其他新的冠状病毒，如SARS和 MERS。过去的研究表明，这些疫情是可以预防的，只要及时诊断病例和 适当使用个人防护装备。面对短缺，医院必须迅速 决定病房病人的策略，分配感染控制预防措施，配给个人防护措施 设备，并保持充足的人员配备。需要准确的数据和预测来告知这些 决策和评估它们的成功对于管理持续的疫情和告知未来至关重要 回应。通过将K01AI141579的现有目标应用于与医院相关的SARS，可以满足这一需求- 冠状病毒2型感染。现有K01项目的总体目标是支持Josh Petrie博士 发展医疗保健流行病学专业知识、最先进的分子方法和先进的 建模技术。通过有重点的培训和职业生涯，这一目标的实现正在取得进展 医疗保健流行病学、下一代测序、生物信息学、成本- 有效性分析，以及由优秀导师团队监督的数学建模。技能 正在制定的培训和职业发展目标得到了指导的加强 进行研究以实现以下具体目标：(1)界定社区的流行病学和负担-- 获得性和医院相关呼吸道病毒感染，比较病毒种类对临床的影响；(2) 提高病例定义的敏感性和特异性，以识别与医院相关的呼吸道病毒病例 通过整合临床、流行病学和分子数据；以及(3)确定 加强呼吸道病毒筛查和扩大感染控制措施，以减少HA-RVI的使用 数学模型。拟议的行政补编将有助于将这些目标应用于 医院相关的SARS-CoV-2感染。建议项目的预期研究成果为：1) 医院相关SARS-CoV-2感染发生率和结果的测定；2)改进 通过临床、流行病学和临床研究相结合的方法识别与医院相关的SARS-CoV-2感染 分子数据；3)量化医院新冠肺炎应对策略对 医院相关SARS-CoV-2的发病率。这项拟议的研究具有重要意义，因为预计 这项工作的结果以及在此基础上进行的未来研究将为正在进行的对新冠肺炎的反应提供信息 大流行和未来的大流行。本研究在跨学科方法论的运用上具有创新性 这为研究开辟了新的途径。