SENIORS USP (Seniors - Understanding Sedentary Patterns)

随着年龄的增长，身体活跃的人更有可能保持健康和独立，无论他们的情况如何。高水平的久坐行为与健康状况不佳有关，无论一个人在一天中的其他时间点有多活跃。尽管老年人比其他年龄组花更多的时间坐着，但令人惊讶的是，很少有研究关注详细了解久坐行为与健康之间的联系，或者找出哪些因素决定了老年人的活动或久坐。我们组建了一个研究团队，他们拥有广泛的知识、技能和与老年人合作的经验，试图解开这些重要的问题。我们的团队一直在与两个大的老年人群体（队列）生活在爱丁堡和周围（自2004年以来）和格拉斯哥（自1987年以来）。这些人定期完成关于他们生活各个方面的问卷，其中许多人对他们的身体健康进行了详细的评估（包括握力和肺功能），他们的健康和认知功能（包括脑部扫描）。在目前的研究中，我们将要求这些队列中的750名成员佩戴一个小设备一周，（客观）测量他们在这段时间内的活动和久坐程度。我们将把我们的客观测量结果与参与者自己报告的对他们在同一时期活动和久坐程度的估计进行比较（使用过去的队列问题和当前的人口调查问题），以确定未来使用的最准确的调查工具。利用这些数据以及我们在队列研究中收集的有关这些人的日常生活、活动和健康的信息，我们将调查以前的个人、社会和环境因素与老年人目前的久坐和活动水平之间的关系。我们还将研究久坐不动和基本上不活动对一个人健康的影响。这将帮助我们确定哪些人在晚年生活中最有可能变得久坐不动和不活跃。例如，来自格拉斯哥研究小组的一些证据表明，工人阶级男性在退休时可能特别容易不活动。此外，我们将采访其中48名成员（不同年龄和社会阶层的男女人数相等，目前从事或不从事活动），以了解：他们对久坐不动的看法，他们坐着的时候做什么，以及这些活动对他们有多重要。我们还将询问他们对久坐行为的了解，以及久坐与健康状况不佳之间的联系，以及可能鼓励老年人减少久坐的方式，以及可能阻止他们这样做的障碍。我们还将了解不同年龄组的老年人（例如男性与女性）对改变久坐活动的建议的接受程度。总之，这些观点和对久坐不动的积极和消极方面的理解将有助于设计更有效的干预措施，鼓励老年人减少久坐不动，增加身体活动。我们将在国际和国家会议上发表和展示我们的研究结果，并为专业人士提供建议和研讨会，指导他们如何开发和定制支持，以鼓励人们随着年龄的增长而更多地进行身体活动，减少久坐不动。我们将利用互联网，社交媒体和YouTube短片，制作传单并为广泛的老年人和组织举办会议，使我们的结果和建议有最好的机会对未来的研究，政策和实践产生积极影响，以提高老年人的生活质量。

People who are physically active as they get older are more likely to remain healthy and independent, whatever their circumstances. High levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with poor health, regardless of how physically active a person is at other points in the day. Although older people spend more time sitting than other age groups, surprisingly little research attention has been devoted to either understanding in detail the link between sedentary behaviour and health or finding out what factors determine how active or sedentary older people are. We have assembled a team of researchers with a wide range of knowledge, skills and experience of working in collaboration with older people to try to unpick these important questions. Our team has been working with two large groups (cohorts) of older people living in and around Edinburgh (since 2004) and Glasgow (since 1987). These people have regularly completed questionnaires about various aspects of their lives and many of them have had detailed assessments of their physical fitness (including grip strength and lung function), their health and their cognitive function (including brain scans).In the current study, we will ask 750 members of these cohorts to wear a small device for a week that will give us an accurate (objective) measurement of how active and sedentary they are over that period. We will compare our objective measurements with participants' own self-reported estimates of how active and sedentary they have been over the same period (using past cohort questions and current population survey questions) to identify the most accurate survey tool to use in the future. Using these data and the information about these peoples' daily life, activities and health collected during our cohort studies, we will investigate the relationship between previous individual, social and environmental factors and older people's current sedentary and activity levels. We will also examine the effect of being sedentary and largely inactive on a person's health. This will help us identify those people who are most at risk of becoming more sedentary and less active in later life. For example, there is some evidence from the Glasgow group that working class men may be particularly vulnerable to inactivity when they retire.In addition, we will interview 48 of these cohort members (equal numbers of men and women of different ages and social class who are currently active or inactive) to understand: their views about being sedentary, what they do while they are sitting and how important these activities are to them. We will also ask them about their knowledge about sedentary behaviour and the links between being sedentary and ill health and ways older people might be encouraged to become less sedentary and the barriers that might stop them doing so. We will also understand how receptive different groups of older people (e.g. men vs. women) might be to suggestions about changing their sedentary activities. Taken together, these views and understandings of the positive and negative aspects of being sedentary will help to design more effective interventions to encourage older people to become less sedentary and more physically active. We will publish and present our findings at international and national conferences and provide recommendations and workshops for professionals on how to develop and tailor support to encourage people to become more physically activity and less sedentary as they age. We will make use of the internet, social media and YouTube brief videos, produce leaflets and host meetings for a wide range of older people and organisations, giving our results and recommendations the best chance to make a positive impact on future research, policy and practice to improve the quality of life of older people.