Better measurement of the complementarity between UK public, charity and private medical research

更好地衡量英国公共、慈善机构和私人医学研究之间的互补性

• 批准号: MR/L010801/2
• 负责人: Jonathan Grant
• 金额: $ 19.21万
• 依托单位: King's College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FL010801%2F2
• 关键词: Better; measurement; complementarity; between; UK

Getting benefits from medical research in terms of preventing or treating illness, advancing scientific knowledge and generating economic wealth often, though not always, involves private industry. The private sector builds on and interacts with public and charity funded research and researchers; it conducts its own further research, develops and commercialises medicines and other technologies for use in health care. Theoretical and applied analyses so far published imply that public/charity funded medical research and private sector R&D are complements: extra spending on medical research stimulates extra private sector investment in R&D. But the only attempts to measure this complementarity so far have used US data and are somewhat out of date.RAND Europe and the OHE therefore propose to develop the methodology for estimating how many £s of pharmaceutical industry R&D are stimulated by an extra £ of public or charity funded medical research. We will improve on the econometric analysis used in the earlier US studies and create a UK, and up to date, dataset of public, charity and private pharmaceutical industry research spending in the UK, disaggregated into therapeutic areas.Time series data are available for total UK pharmaceutical industry R&D spending, but not broken down by therapeutic area. So we will construct estimated splits of spending by therapeutic area on the basis of two different proxies. First, we will use bibliometric analysis of peer reviewed research articles that have private sector authors based in the UK to estimate the relative weights given by the UK industry to different disease areas in its research. The necessary bibliometric database is available and permits analysis for each year from 1981 onwards. Second we will undertake a corresponding analysis of patents by therapeutic area, where that is evident, by year.To allow for likely differences between companies in their willingness to publish and their desire to patent, and given that different companies may focus on different therapeutic areas, we will explore the development of indices of companies' propensity to publish and propensity to patent. The indices will then be used to weight the publications and patents produced by those companies when using those data to proxy the split of pharmaceutical industry R&D spending.We will test the reasonableness of the proxies we develop for splitting total UK pharmaceutical industry R&D spend by therapeutic area via interviews with 12 senior company R&D managers in the UK (from the UK leading R&D companies), who will also be asked about the likelihood of, and the factors affecting, feedback from company R&D influencing public/charity research agendas.We will improve on analyses to date by separately analysing publicly funded medical research and charity funded medical research, not merely aggregating the two.We will also attempt to determine whether there is a measurable impact in the reverse direction, i.e. whether greater private pharmaceutical R&D investment stimulates greater charity or public medical research spending in similar areas.

在预防或治疗疾病、发展科学知识和创造经济财富方面，从医学研究中获益往往涉及私营企业，但并非总是如此。私营部门建立在公共和慈善机构资助的研究和研究人员的基础上，并与之互动；它进行自己的进一步研究，开发药品和其他用于医疗保健的技术并将其商业化。迄今为止发表的理论和应用分析表明，公共/慈善资助的医学研究和私营部门的研发是相辅相成的：医疗研究的额外支出会刺激私营部门在研发上的额外投资。但迄今为止，衡量这种互补性的唯一尝试都使用了美国的数据，而且有些过时。因此，兰德欧洲和OHE建议开发一种方法，以估计制药业研发中有多少GB的S受到额外的公共或慈善资助的医学研究的刺激。我们将改进早期美国研究中使用的计量经济学分析，并创建英国公共、慈善和私人制药行业研究支出的最新数据集，按治疗领域分类。时间序列数据可用于英国制药行业总研发支出，但不按治疗领域细分。因此，我们将根据两个不同的代理来构建按治疗领域划分的估计支出比例。首先，我们将使用文献计量学分析同行评议的研究文章，这些文章有私营部门的作者在英国，以估计英国行业在其研究中给予不同疾病领域的相对权重。有必要的文献计量学数据库，可以对1981年以后的每一年进行分析。其次，我们将按治疗领域对专利进行相应的分析，如果这一点很明显，按年进行。为了考虑到不同公司在发表专利的意愿和专利意愿方面可能存在的差异，以及不同公司可能专注于不同的治疗领域，我们将探索制定公司发表倾向和专利倾向的指数。然后，当使用这些数据来替代制药行业研发支出的划分时，这些指数将被用来衡量这些公司生产的出版物和专利。我们将通过采访英国12名高级公司研发经理(来自英国领先的研发公司)，测试我们开发的按治疗领域划分英国制药行业研发总支出的指标的合理性，他们还将被问及公司研发反馈影响公共/慈善研究议程的可能性和影响因素。我们将通过分别分析公共资助的医学研究和慈善资助的医学研究，改进迄今的分析。我们还将尝试确定是否存在相反方向的可衡量的影响，即更多的私人药物研发投资是否会刺激类似领域的更多慈善或公共医疗研究支出。

项目成果

Additional file 7: of Quantifying the economic impact of government and charity funding of medical research on private research and development funding in the United Kingdom

附加文件 7：量化政府和慈善机构资助医学研究对英国私人研发资助的经济影响

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3601037_d7
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Sussex J

Additional file 4: of Quantifying the economic impact of government and charity funding of medical research on private research and development funding in the United Kingdom

附加文件 4：量化政府和慈善机构资助医学研究对英国私人研发资助的经济影响

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3601037_d3
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Sussex J

Quantifying the economic impact of government and charity funding of medical research on private research and development funding in the United Kingdom.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0564-z
• 发表时间: 2016-02-24
• 期刊: BMC medicine
• 影响因子: 9.3
• 作者: Sussex J;Feng Y;Mestre-Ferrandiz J;Pistollato M;Hafner M;Burridge P;Grant J
• 通讯作者: Grant J

Additional file 5: of Quantifying the economic impact of government and charity funding of medical research on private research and development funding in the United Kingdom

附加文件 5：量化政府和慈善机构资助医学研究对英国私人研发资助的经济影响

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3601037_d5
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Sussex J

Additional file 8: of Quantifying the economic impact of government and charity funding of medical research on private research and development funding in the United Kingdom

附加文件 8：量化政府和慈善机构资助医学研究对英国私人研发资助的经济影响

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3601037_d1
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Sussex J