Newton001 Sero-surveillance to estimate the burden of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum infection in Latin America

Newton001 通过血清监测来估计拉丁美洲间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫感染的负担

• 批准号: MR/M02623X/1
• 负责人: Chris Drakeley
• 金额: $ 9.46万
• 依托单位: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FM02623X%2F1
• 关键词: Newton001; Sero; surveillance; estimate; burden

Malaria elimination requires that activities focus on reducing parasite carriage within communities in addition to treating those sick with the disease. However, as malaria transmission levels decrease, it becomes harder to identify individuals who might be carrying parasites using conventional methods (microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests), as many of these infections will be of low density and asymptomatic. Therefore, there is a need for innovative and affordable approaches to identify likely parasite carriers and the areas where they reside. One approach is serological surveillance. A malaria infection will leave an antibody 'footprint' in the serum of the human host that will last longer than the infection itself. Detection of these antibodies is an additional sensitive and specific approach to measure a population's level of exposure to infection. Using antibodies in this way has recently been revitalised by researchers at LSHTM as a method to estimate malaria burden with considerable accuracy.Antibody measures have been shown to correlate with other conventional estimates of malaria burden (entomological, parasitological and clinical). It has also been shown that by evaluating the antibody responses and age of individuals it is possible to recreate the history of exposure to malaria. This facet allows a retrospective examination of the effect of malaria control interventions in a given locality. This work has primarily been conducted in African settings where Plasmodium falciparum is predominant, however a more recent analysis of samples from Para state, Brazil showed the approach was applicable in this setting. Therefore, the aim of this project is to extend this work by assembling the current evidence on sero-epidemiology and antibody dynamics in Latin America and extending this with novel antibody targets and analytical approaches.The expected results of this project are to promote better understanding of the current landscape of sero-surveillance evidence in Latin America and to identify research needs to be addressed in future studies. These studies will be formulated to further strengthen collaboration between participating institutions in developing reliable sero-surveillance methods to estimate species-specific malaria burden in the region, target control methods and ultimately contribute to malaria elimination in the region. This proposal specifically addresses the need for rapid and reliable tools and strategies to measure malaria burden and we believe it will provide considerable information to guide policy makers in Latin America.

消除疟疾要求活动除了治疗疟疾患者外，还应重点关注减少社区内的寄生虫携带。然而，随着疟疾传播水平的下降，使用传统方法（显微镜、快速诊断测试）识别可能携带寄生虫的个体变得更加困难，因为许多感染的密度较低且无症状。因此，需要创新且负担得起的方法来识别可能的寄生虫携带者及其居住区域。一种方法是血清学监测。疟疾感染会在人类宿主的血清中留下抗体“足迹”，其持续时间比感染本身还要长。检测这些抗体是衡量人群感染感染水平的另一种灵敏且特异的方法。最近，LSHTM 的研究人员重新以这种方式使用抗体，作为一种相当准确地估计疟疾负担的方法。抗体测量已被证明与疟疾负担的其他传统估计（昆虫学、寄生虫学和临床）相关。研究还表明，通过评估个体的抗体反应和年龄，可以重建疟疾暴露史。这一方面允许对特定地区的疟疾控制干预措施的效果进行回顾性检查。这项工作主要在恶性疟原虫占主导地位的非洲地区进行，但最近对巴西帕拉州样本的分析表明，该方法适用于这种情况。因此，该项目的目的是通过汇集拉丁美洲血清流行病学和抗体动力学的当前证据，并通过新的抗体靶点和分析方法来扩展这项工作，从而扩展这项工作。该项目的预期结果是促进更好地了解拉丁美洲血清监测证据的现状，并确定未来研究中需要解决的研究问题。这些研究将进一步加强参与机构之间的合作，开发可靠的血清监测方法，以估计该地区特定物种的疟疾负担，确定控制方法的目标，并最终促进该地区消除疟疾。该提案专门解决了对快速可靠的工具和战略来衡量疟疾负担的需求，我们相信它将提供大量信息来指导拉丁美洲的政策制定者。

项目成果

A systematic review on malaria sero-epidemiology studies in the Brazilian Amazon: insights into immunological markers for exposure and protection.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-1762-7
• 发表时间: 2017-03-07
• 期刊: Malaria journal
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Folegatti PM;Siqueira AM;Monteiro WM;Lacerda MV;Drakeley CJ;Braga ÉM
• 通讯作者: Braga ÉM