Optimizing low-technology metofluthrin emanators to extend active ingredient release while maximizing protection against malaria transmission

优化低技术含量的甲氧氟菊酯喷射器，以延长活性成分的释放时间，同时最大限度地防止疟疾传播

• 批准号: MR/N027442/1
• 负责人: Gerry Killeen
• 金额: $ 12.64万
• 依托单位: Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FN027442%2F1
• 关键词: Optimizing; low; technology; metofluthrin; emanators

We recently developed a low-technology emanator consisting of commonly available Hessian sacking impregnated with the widely-used volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin, which is slowly released into the air as a vapour. These emanators protected humans against behaviourally and physiologically resistant Anopheles arabiensis indoors and outdoors for over 2 years and killed the vast majority of mosquitoes that succeeded in feeding on protected humans. The disadvantage of transfluthrin is its relatively high melting point, which limits its vapour pressure and efficacy outside of low-altitude equatorial settings with very high night time temperatures. Fortunately, a similarly safe volatile pyrethroid called metofluthrin is also available from generic sources, which has a lower melting point so it remains volatile across the full range of temperatures relevant to malaria transmission.We therefore propose to repeat dose-optimization for this emanator prototype with metofluthrin, rather than transfluthrin, using a range of thicknesses of diffusion-retarding plastic coatings. Our primary objective is to identify the minimum dose, and optimal coating thickness at that dose, which confers at least 80% protection against exposure to biting An. arabiensis, as well as An. gambiae and An. funestus, for at least one year. Our secondary objective is to demonstrate that predicted maximum cost per year of protection is comparable with those for long-lasting insecticidal nets.If both objectives are achieved, this early phase study will be followed by an application to conduct the main study: a community-randomized controlled trial to assess impact upon malaria incidence among both users and non-users, supplemented with participatory social science studies of end-user perceptions. Both studies will be conducted in a relatively high altitude (1100m) region of west Kenya with moderate temperatures.

我们最近开发了一种低技术发射剂，该发射量是由普遍可用的Hessian解雇组成的，并用广泛使用的挥发性拟除虫菊酯tranfllusin浸渍，该解剖学被以蒸气的形式慢慢释放到空中。这些散发物保护了人类在室内和室外的行为和生理上的抗动脉动脉群，已有2年以上，并杀死了绝大多数蚊子，这些蚊子成功地以受保护的人类为食。 trantruthrin的缺点是其相对较高的熔点，它限制了其蒸气压力和功效，在低空赤道设置之外，夜间温度非常高。 Fortunately, a similarly safe volatile pyrethroid called metofluthrin is also available from generic sources, which has a lower melting point so it remains volatile across the full range of temperatures relevant to malaria transmission.We therefore propose to repeat dose-optimization for this emanator prototype with metofluthrin, rather than transfluthrin, using a range of thicknesses of diffusion-retarding plastic coatings.我们的主要目的是确定该剂量下的最低剂量和最佳涂层厚度，该剂量至少赋予了至少80％的保护，以防止暴露于咬合。阿拉伯人以及一个。冈比亚和Funestus，至少一年。我们的次要目的是证明，预测每年保护的最高成本与持久杀虫网的预测相当。两项研究将在西肯尼亚的相对较高的海拔（1100m）地区进行，温度适中。