DETERMINANTS OF BONE HEALTH IN YOUNG GYMNASTS

上一篇：关注儿童参与艺术 体操训练对生长发育有不良影响。 虽然有一个普遍的观念，体操参与是联系在一起的， 不良饮食，饮食失调，继发性闭经和骨质流失， 这一论点缺乏科学证据支持。 尽管低 钙，能量限制饮食和月经中断史， 大学体操运动员的骨密度（BMD）高于对照组。 经前体操运动员骨密度升高表明， 青春期开始之前的训练对于发育至关重要 峰值骨量 然而，有可能增强的BMD存在于 训练从未开始。 研究人员的主要假设是， 从小开始高水平的艺术体操训练， 增加BMD。 第二个假设是高水平的艺术体操 年轻时开始的训练不会促进能量限制， 钙的摄入量或相关的饮食失调的心理症状。 还有人担心，体操参与导致减少 高度 预测的身高和生长速度降低， 在体操运动员中发现了胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）水平。 然而，没有研究检查IGF-1在体操运动员随着时间的推移，也没有 在体操运动员的身高和生长因子的同时变化进行了检查。 此外，还没有研究确定是否生长因子水平， 体操运动员在训练开始前比非体操运动员低。 第三 假设是，高水平的艺术体操训练开始 在年轻的时候会使生长速度变慢，改变IGF-1和IGF-1结合 蛋白-3（IGFBP-3）。 为了检验这些假设，将在12个月内对女孩（5-8岁）进行检查。 他们头两年的体操训练 的具体目标 建议是：1）确定是否存在BMD升高， 体操训练开始; 2）确定早期的影响 体操训练对骨密度、膳食摄入及相关心理的影响 饮食行为障碍的症状; 3）确定饮食行为障碍的基础 通过评估生长因子、骨标记物和骨密度， 营业额和性成熟;和4），以确定是否两年的 体操训练会减慢生长速度或改变生长因子。 这项研究将提供深入了解体操活动的影响， 在儿童早期开始对骨骼和生长的影响。

DESCRIPTION: There is concern that child participation in artistic gymnastics training has adverse consequences on growth and development. While there is a widespread notion that gymnastics participation is linked to poor diets, disordered eating, secondary amenorrhea, and bone loss, the scientific evidence supporting this contention is lacking. Despite low calcium, energy restricted diets and a history of menstrual disruptions, college gymnasts have higher bone mineral density (BMD) than controls. Elevated BMD in premenstrual gymnasts suggests that early gymnastics training, prior to the onset of puberty, is critical in the development of peak bone mass. However, it is possible the enhanced BMD exists before training ever begins. The investigator's main hypothesis is that high-levels of artistic gymnastics training initiated at a young age will enhance BMD. A second hypothesis is that high-levels of artistic gymnastics training initiated at a young age will not promote energy restriction, low calcium intakes or relevant psychological symptoms of disordered eating. There is also concern that gymnastics participation results in a reduced height. A reduction in predicted height and growth velocity and lower insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) levels have been found in gymnasts. However, no studies have examined IGF-1 in gymnasts over time, nor have simultaneous changes in height and growth factors been examined in gymnasts. In addition, no studies have determined whether growth factor levels in gymnasts are lower than nongymnasts prior to the onset of training. A third hypothesis is that high-levels of artistic a gymnastics training initiated at a young age will blunt growth velocity and alter IGF-1 and IGF-1 binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). To test these hypotheses, girls (5-8 years of age) will be examined during their first two years of gymnastics training. The specific objectives of the proposal are: 1) to determine if elevated BMD is present before gymnastics training is initiated; 2) to determine the impact of early gymnastics training on BMD, dietary intakes and relevant psychological symptoms of disordered eating behavior; 3) to determine the basis for elevated BMD in gymnasts by assessing growth factors, markers of bone turnover and sexual maturation; and 4) to determine if two years of gymnastics training will blunt growth velocity or alter growth factors. This study will provide insight into the impact of gymnastics activity initiated at an early age on bone and growth in children.