PRODUCTION OF PYROGEN-FREE WATER IN HEMODIALYSIS UNIT

许多已报告的血液透析风险和危害 与水质有关，包括热原污染。 典型的透析患者暴露于30到40倍的 一个普通人的饮水量 暴露了因此，血液透析用水的质量显然 非常重要的.血液透析系统的当前实践不能保证 无热原水。现有程序的使用存在几个缺点 为了实现无热原水：（i）添加化学品，其必须 在水接触透析膜之前被监测和破坏。 否则，化学品与患者血液接触;（ii） 与消毒剂反应形成有毒副产物：（iii） 没有无热原水的在线供应（即，分批模式操作），以及（iv） 成本该项目追求开发一种高效、快速、 在线供应无热原水的低成本反应器， 血液透析系统。消毒剂是羟基自由基， 最强的氧化剂，它是在原地产生的，并在内部消耗。 反应器第一阶段的目的是评估技术可行性 介绍了一种在线生产无热原水的新型装置。期间 在第二阶段，将开发一个自动系统，并将其集成到 血液透析系统。 拟定商业应用： 所有血液透析系统都需要无热原水。此外，大量的 无热原的水被医疗行业用于例如静脉输液， 用于感染和手术室冲洗的液体。此外，无菌水是需要在水培工业。

Many of the reported risks and hazards identified for hemodialysis are associated with water quality, including pyrogenic contamination. The typical patient on dialysis is exposed to between 30 and 40 times the amount of water to which a member of the general population is exposed. Thus, the quality of hemodialysis water is obviously very important. Current practices in hemodialysis systems does not guaranty pyrogen-free water. Several drawbacks exist in the use of available procedures to achieve pyrogen-free water: (i) addition of chemicals, which have to be monitored and destroyed before the water contacts the dialysis membrane. Otherwise, the chemicals come in contact with the patients blood; (ii) formation of toxic by-products from the reaction with the disinfectant: (iii) no on-line supply of pyrogen-free water (i.e., batch-mode operation), and (iv) cost. This project pursues the development of an efficient, fast, and cost-effective reactor to supply pyrogen-free water on-line in hemodialysis systems. The disinfecting agents are hydroxyl radicals, one of the strongest oxidants, which are produced in situ, and consumed inside the reactor. The aim of this Phase I is to evaluate the technical feasibility of a noval device for on-line production of pyrogen-free water. During the Phase II, an automatic system will be developed and integrated in hemodialysis systems. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION: Pyrogen-free water is required in all hemodialysis systems. In addition, large quantities of pyrogen-free water are used by the medical industry such as in intravenous infusion fluids, fluids for infection and for irrigation in operating rooms. Also, sterile water is needed in the hydroponics industry.