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Developing a theory of change, outcome measures and evaluation design for an evaluation of the impact of the Daily Mile on obesity and health

制定变革理论、结果测量和评估设计，以评估每日一英里对肥胖和健康的影响

基本信息

批准号：
MR/R014094/1
负责人：
Judith Green
金额：
$ 17.36万
依托单位：
King's College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FR014094%2F1
关键词：
Developing theory change outcome measures

项目摘要

Getting children to be more physically active is important. Many do not currently do enough exercise to protect their health. This contributes to the growing problem of obesity. To address these problems, the UK Obesity Strategy has many recommendations: one is that primary schools take part in The Daily Mile. This involves children running or walking/jogging for 15 minutes every day, in school, in which time most children will average at least one mile in distance. It is a popular scheme which started in Scotland and is now being rolled out widely, with over 750 schools in England already taking part. There are many potential health benefits from The Daily Mile. If it increases the physical activity children do, it improves their fitness and may help protect from obesity and other health problems in later life. The physical benefits may also improve children's concentration and behaviour in the classroom. However, there are also some potential negative effects. The scheme may take school time away from other, more beneficial, activities. It may put some children off doing sports or other activity in later years. We would like to understand more about all the possible health effects from the Daily Mile, and (if these are positive) how it works best. What is needed for it to work? What stops it working? Does it have different effects for different kinds of children or schools?These are difficult questions to answer because we cannot just compare children who have taken part with those who haven't. Schools that choose to take part are likely to be different from the ones that don't, and health differences we find may reflect this, not the effect of The Daily Mile. This is a common problem in public health research. An additional problem is that policy makers need to know whether a scheme will work in their area. Schools will want information on what the necessary conditions for success are, and how to implement the scheme to get the most benefit. We aim to look at all the possible ways that The Daily Mile might impact on children's health. We are particularly interested in obesity. All children are weighed and measured at age 5/6 and again at age 10/11, so we can compare differences in weights over time within schools which have and have not taken part. We also want to find out what other possible outcomes might be included in a study, and whether there is available information about these. Finally, we aim to develop new ways of using case studies of implementation. We will look in detail at Lewisham, talking to children, teachers, parents, heads, and public health specialists to look at what happens when a school decides to get involved in The Daily Mile. This is important because policies are taken up in complex, and varied, settings. We need to understand better how these settings affect whether something works, for whom, and why. Issues such as who decides the school will take part; what kind of school it is; what kinds of children are enrolled at the school might change what happens. We will use this information to help us understand whether The Daily Mile might have different effects for different children - such as for boys and girls, or those from different backgrounds. At the end of this study, we will have: 1) A detailed description of The Daily Mile, using a checklist used by public health researches to describe interventions; 2) A full map of all the possible health outcomes from The Daily Mile; 3) A plan for a study that can evaluate these across England. We are working in collaboration with partners who have an interest in what works to improve children's health.These include colleagues from The Daily Mile Foundation, public health specialists from Lewisham, teachers, governors and parents from schools in Lewisham and other areas, and other academic colleagues. This partnership will ensure that our findings are taken to the next stage, which will be a national evaluation of The Daily Mile.

让孩子们多运动是很重要的。许多人目前没有做足够的运动来保护他们的健康。这导致了日益严重的肥胖问题。为了解决这些问题，英国肥胖战略提出了许多建议：其中之一是小学参加每日一英里活动。这包括孩子们每天在学校跑步或步行/慢跑15分钟，在这段时间里，大多数孩子平均至少能跑一英里。这是一个很受欢迎的计划，始于苏格兰，现在正在广泛推广，英格兰已有750多所学校参与其中。每日一英里有很多潜在的健康益处。如果它增加了孩子们的体育活动，就能提高他们的健康水平，并有助于防止他们在以后的生活中出现肥胖和其他健康问题。身体上的好处也可以提高孩子们在课堂上的注意力和行为。然而，也有一些潜在的负面影响。该计划可能会占用学校的时间，使其远离其他更有益的活动。这可能会使一些孩子在以后的岁月里不愿做运动或其他活动。我们想了解更多关于“每日一英里”对健康可能产生的影响，以及（如果这些影响是积极的）它是如何发挥最大作用的。它需要什么才能起作用？是什么阻止了它的工作？它对不同类型的孩子或学校有不同的影响吗？这些都是很难回答的问题，因为我们不能把参加过的孩子和没有参加过的孩子进行比较。选择参与的学校可能与不参与的学校有所不同，我们发现的健康差异可能反映了这一点，而不是每日一英里的影响。这是公共卫生研究中的一个常见问题。另一个问题是，政策制定者需要知道一项计划是否在他们的地区有效。学校希望了解成功的必要条件是什么，以及如何实施该计划以获得最大利益。我们的目标是研究每日一英里可能对儿童健康产生影响的所有可能方式。我们对肥胖特别感兴趣。所有的孩子在5 - 6岁和10 - 11岁时都要称重和测量，这样我们就可以比较有和没有参加这项研究的学校的体重随时间的差异。我们还想找出研究中可能包括的其他可能的结果，以及是否有关于这些的可用信息。最后，我们的目标是开发使用实施案例研究的新方法。我们将详细介绍刘易舍姆，与孩子、老师、家长、校长和公共卫生专家交谈，看看当一所学校决定参与“每日一英里”时，会发生什么。这一点很重要，因为政策是在复杂而多变的环境中制定的。我们需要更好地理解这些设置是如何影响某些东西是否有效，对谁有效，以及为什么有效。比如谁来决定学校的参与；这是一所什么样的学校；学校招收什么样的孩子可能会改变发生的事情。我们将利用这些信息来帮助我们了解每日一英里是否对不同的孩子有不同的影响——比如男孩和女孩，或者来自不同背景的孩子。在本研究结束时，我们将有：1)对每日一英里的详细描述，使用公共卫生研究使用的清单来描述干预措施；2)《每日一英里》提供的所有可能的健康结果的完整地图；3)一项研究计划，可以评估整个英格兰的这些问题。我们正在与关心如何改善儿童健康的伙伴合作。这些人包括每日一英里基金会的同事、刘易舍姆的公共卫生专家、刘易舍姆和其他地区学校的教师、管理者和家长，以及其他学术同事。这种伙伴关系将确保我们的研究结果进入下一阶段，即对每日一英里进行全国性评估。