INTEGRATION OF TASTE AND VISCERAL AFFERENT SIGNALS

味觉和内脏传入信号的整合

• 批准号: 6124960
• 负责人: JOHN-PAUL BAIRD
• 金额: $ 3.75万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-12-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6124960
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain stem; chemical stimulation; cues; duodenum; gastrointestinal system; glucose; injection /infusion; laboratory rat; liver; mechanoreceptors; neural information processing; neuroregulation; nutrient intake activity; nutrition related tag; parabrachial nucleus; taste; visceral afferent nerve

Signals from the mouth and gut interact in the central nervous system to regulate ingestion. In the mouth, taste stimulation initially influences the decision to ingest and also promotes ongoing ingestion. In the gut, chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors signal satiety, and thus help to suppress further intake. Behavioral studies show that ingestion is characterized by an inhibitory influence derived from an accumulating post-ingestive load that progressively counters the excitatory influence of taste on promoting ingestion. Mechanisms of this taste-visceral afferent integration are largely unknown, but likely involve neural signals reaching specific ventral nervous system loci, including the parabrachial nucleus (PBN), a site that receives strong convergent projects from second order taste and visceral afferents. The present series of experiments will test the hypothesis that the PBN is an important site for food intake regulation by determining (1) whether gastric and intestinal mechanoreceptor signals converge upon and modulate taste-sensitive neurons in the PBN, and (2) whether metabolic/nutrient-related signals from the liver and duodenum also influence taste-sensitive neurons in the PBN. Eating, metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders contribute to numerous diseases including hypertension, stroke and diabetes. An understanding of where and how taste and visceral signals are processed in the brain is fundamental to developing clinical interventions.

来自口腔和肠道的信号在中枢神经系统中相互作用来调节摄入。在口腔中，味觉刺激最初会影响摄入的决定，并促进持续摄入。在肠道中，化学感受器和机械感受器发出饱腹感信号，从而有助于抑制进一步的摄入。行为研究表明，摄入的特点是摄入后负荷的积累会产生抑制性影响，逐渐抵消味觉对促进摄入的兴奋性影响。这种味觉-内脏传入整合的机制在很大程度上是未知的，但可能涉及到达特定腹神经系统位点的神经信号，包括臂旁核（PBN），该位点接收来自二阶味觉和内脏传入的强烈聚合项目。本系列实验将通过确定（1）胃和肠机械感受器信号是否会聚并调节PBN中的味觉敏感神经元，以及（2）来自肝脏和十二指肠的代谢/营养相关信号是否也影响PBN中的味觉敏感神经元，来检验PBN是食物摄入调节的重要部位的假设。饮食、代谢和胃肠道疾病会导致多种疾病，包括高血压、中风和糖尿病。了解味觉和内脏信号在大脑中的处理位置和方式对于制定临床干预措施至关重要。