THE GENETICS OF OBESITY IN BLACKS

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）非裔美国人 肥胖的患病率高于白人，特别是在 妇女遗传学的最新进展使我们有可能确定 肥胖的分子决定因素。根据正在进行的国际 合作家庭研究，研究人员建议招募一个社区， 芝加哥和尼日利亚的黑人家庭样本。在芝加哥他们会招募 400个有4个或更多第一学位成员的家庭（1，600人）。在 尼日利亚，他们还将确定400个家庭的样本，其中4个或更多 成员（1 600人）。在临床检查中，他们将测量身高，体重，脂肪 体重、体脂百分比、去脂质量、静息代谢率和腰围， 臀围将抽取血液进行葡萄糖、胰岛素和 将提取瘦素和基因组DNA。使用候选基因方法 他们将研究已知的肥胖遗传标记的潜在作用。作为 在撰写本文时，候选人的优先级列表包括： 7号染色体上的train基因座（QTL）（ob基因座），2号染色体上的QTL， 前阿黑皮素、β 3肾上腺素能受体、甲状腺激素受体基因 (TR解偶联蛋白-2和-3，黑皮质素-4受体。 高优先级基因座可能会改变，以适应新的发现。 对抽样家庭的统计分析将首先使用 通径和分离分析。将对所有家族完成基因分型 进行了关联和联系分析。的对比度 这些家庭来自于具有相似遗传背景的人群， 在不同的社会环境中，将有可能评估相对 环境条件对肥胖性状的家族性的影响。在 此外，与肥胖相关的生理过程，如瘦素，可以被 在这些高风险和低风险人群中进行了检查。等位基因估计 尼日利亚样本中的频率将使估计 混合物在美国黑人中的潜在作用，并帮助指导识别 与该人群中的风险相关的特定标记或单倍型。 调查人员指出，迫切需要进行大规模的 在美国黑人中进行的家庭研究，以确定影响风险的遗传因素， 肥胖症。他们进一步指出，目前的研究也将有足够的 第二阶段计划进行基因组扫描。比较 西非的基因相关样本将提供一个环境 对比并帮助澄清欧洲混合物在以下地点的影响： 兴趣

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract) African Americans experience a higher prevalence of obesity than do whites, particularly among women. Recent advances in genetics have made it possible to identify the molecular determinants of obesity. Based on an on-going international collaborative family study, the investigators propose to recruit a community sample of black families in Chicago and Nigeria. In Chicago they will recruit 400 families with 4 or more first degree members (1,600 individuals). In Nigeria, they will also identify a sample of 400 families with 4 or more members (1,600). During a clinical exam they will measure height, weight, fat mass, percent body fat, fat free mass, resting metabolic rate, and waist and hip circumference. Blood will be drawn for assays of glucose, insulin and leptin and genomic DNA will be extracted. Using the candidate gene approach they will examine the potential roll of known genetic markers for obesity. As of this writing, the priority list for candidates includes: a quantitative train locus (QTL) on chromosome 7 (ob gene locus), QTL on chromosome 2, pro-opiomelanocortin, beta3 adrenergic receptor, thyroid hormone receptor genes (TR alpha and TR beta); Uncoupling protein-2 and -3, melanocortin-4 receptor. The high priority loci may change to accommodate new findings. Statistical analyses of the sampled families will first be carried out using path and segregation analysis. Genotyping will be completed on all family members and both association and linkage analysis conducted. The contrast of these families, drawn from populations with similar genetic background living in different social environments, will make it possible to assess the relative impact of environmental conditions on the familiality of obesity traits. In addition, physiologic processes which relate to obesity, like leptin, can be examined in these high and low risk population groups. Estimation of allele frequencies in the Nigerian sample will make it possible to estimate the potential role of admixture in US blacks and help guide efforts to identify specific makers or haplotypes associated with risk in this population. The investigators state that an urgent need exists to undertake large scale family studies among US blacks to identify genetic factors which condition risk of obesity. They further state that the present study will also have sufficient power to permit a genome scan, which is planned in the second stage. Comparison to the genetically related sample in West Africa will provide an environmental contrast and help clarify the impact of European admixture at the loci of interest.