EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF MACHUPO VIRUS IN BOLIVIA

马丘波病毒（MV;沙粒病毒科：Tacaribe V复合体;马丘波）是一种 玻利维亚出血热（BHF）的病原体。 MV是一种啮齿动物- 携带的、分节的、负义RNA病毒， 汉坦病毒属的病理生理学和流行病学特征， 布尼亚病毒科。 与汉坦病毒一样，除了 一种是由鼠科中的特定啮齿动物宿主所窝藏。 少即是 了解这些病毒/宿主的具体情况和地理特征 比汉坦病毒和宿主的关联更强。 本研究将评估麻丘坡流行与 玻利维亚啮齿动物野生种群中病毒感染与 人类土地利用模式和啮齿动物生态。 使用先前收集的 标本，我们将研究鼠亚科Sigmodontinae啮齿动物 来自整个玻利维亚的马丘波病毒抗体血清阳性率， 根据不同的感染水平评估任何变化， 啮齿动物丰度和栖息地差异。 病毒和啮齿动物宿主 将使用细胞遗传学和分子遗传学来表征物种 技术. 具体而言，我们建议测试以下假设：1） BHF人间病例的分布是生境类型的函数， 水库物种的地理分布，2）人类土地利用 包括北方玻利维亚栖息地干扰的模式有利于增加 丰富的MV水库物种，从而增加了人类的风险 疾病的风险，人类疾病，和3）啮齿动物的丰度水平是 与MV的血清阳性率正相关（例如，例如啮齿动物 人口密度增加，感染人口的百分比 MV增加）。 这些数据将大大扩展我们对MV的了解， 我们对沙粒病毒的了解

Machupo virus (MV; Arenaviridae: Tacaribe VComplex; Machupo) is the etiologic agent for Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever (BHF). MV is a rodent- borne, segmented, negative-sense RNA virus that shares many replicative, pathophysiologic, and epidemiologic features with the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. As with hantaviruses, each arenavirus species except one is harbored by a specific rodent host in the family Muridae. Less is known about the specifics and geographic feature of these viral/host associations than for those of the hantaviruses and their hosts. This project will evaluate the relationship between prevalence of Machupo virus infection in wild populations of Bolivian rodents in relation to human land use patterns and rodent ecology. Using previously collected specimens, we will examine rodents of the murid subfamily Sigmodontinae from throughout Bolivia for seroprevalence of Machupo virus antibodies and evaluate any variation in levels of infection in light of differences in rodent abundance and difference in habitat. Viruses and rodent reservoir species will be characterized using cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques. Specifically, we propose to test the following hypotheses; 1) The distribution of human cases of BHF is a function of habitat type and not geographic distribution of the reservoir species, 2) Human land-use patterns including habitat disturbance in northern Bolivia favors increased abundance of MV reservoir species and thus increases the risk of human disease the risk of human disease, and 3) levels of rodent abundance are positively correlated with seroprevalence of MV (e.g., as rodent populations increase in density, the percentage of the population infected with MV increases). These data will greatly expand our knowledge of MV and our understanding of Arenaviruses in general.