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Taming the complexity of the law: modelling and visualisation of dynamically interacting legal systems.

驾驭法律的复杂性：动态交互的法律系统的建模和可视化。

基本信息

批准号：
MR/S03174X/1
负责人：
Pierpaolo Vivo
金额：
$ 112.62万
依托单位：
King's College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS03174X%2F1
关键词：
Taming complexity law modelling visualisation

项目摘要

This project aims at modelling and quantifying the complexity of legal systems and devising innovative ways to visualise and navigate the UK legal corpus beyond the traditional 'textual' paradigm. The phases of the project entail data collection, visualisation/user experience design, numerical modelling and development of novel quantitative tools to assess the complexity of dynamically interacting and ever-evolving units of a dense network (for instance, the articles or chapters of a living Act). I will address the long-standing and high-impact problem of the volume and intricacy of the UK legislative production by proposing a fresh departure from traditional ways of conceiving, connecting and 'measuring' legal documents. The framework I propose is timely, innovative and truly interdisciplinary. My ambition is to change the way legislation is produced, displayed, and eventually exploited by end-users, while claiming at the same time that recent developments in network theory and complexity science can and should induce a cultural switch between 'qualitative' and 'quantitative' approaches to legal complexity. This project is rooted in the observation that many disciplines - ranging from finance to biomedical sciences - have recently witnessed a 'data explosion'. Network-based tools have greatly advanced our understanding of large intra-connected systems as diverse as stock markets and the human genome. The UK legal system has faced similar challenges in terms of accumulation of information: there are perhaps about 50,000,000 words of law in force in the UK legislative system (in comparison, there are only about 25,000 genes in the human genome) and 100,000 are produced and amended each month. Surprisingly, though, few quantitative approaches have been undertaken so far to model, visualise and tame the complexity of legal systems. The legal corpus is still accessed via the same tools used for centuries: manual word searches and references to numbered paragraphs. In reality, legal provisions are continuously created, amended and repealed, and typically point towards other ones, either older or located elsewhere, making the legal corpus a dynamical and highly intra-connected entity. Understanding a single provision often requires awareness of the 'big picture', and 'localised' interventions may indeed produce undesired or unforeseen "long-range" consequences. In 2013, the Office of the Parliamentary Counsel launched the ''Good law" initiative "with a shared objective of making legislation work well for the users of today and tomorrow". However, it is not at all clear whether a naive item-removing strategy (as proposed in the standard Red Tape or 2-out-1-in initiatives) is the only viable option - or, better, if it is a viable option at all - to keep the intricacy of the law under control. My vision is that advanced network theory, digital tools and analytical techniques borrowed from Complexity Science and Information Theory can and should be combined in an unprecedented synergy to set new objectively measurable standards in the drafting, accessibility and user-friendliness of laws.

该项目旨在模拟和量化法律的系统的复杂性，并设计创新的方式来可视化和浏览英国法律的语料库超越传统的"文本"范式。该项目的各个阶段包括数据收集、可视化/用户体验设计、数值建模和开发新的定量工具，以评估密集网络中动态交互和不断发展的单元的复杂性（例如，一个活生生的法案的条款或章节）。我将解决长期存在的和高影响力的问题的数量和复杂性的英国立法生产提出了一个新的出发点，从传统的方式构思，连接和"测量"法律的文件。我提出的框架是及时的、创新的和真正跨学科的。我的目标是改变立法的产生、展示和最终被最终用户利用的方式，同时声称，网络理论和复杂性科学的最新发展可以而且应该在法律的复杂性的"定性"和"定量"方法之间引发文化转换。该项目的基础是观察到许多学科-从金融到生物医学科学-最近见证了“数据爆炸”。基于网络的工具极大地促进了我们对大型内部连接系统的理解，这些系统与股票市场和人类基因组一样多样化。英国的法律的系统在信息积累方面也面临着类似的挑战：英国立法系统中大约有5000万字的法律（相比之下，人类基因组中只有大约25,000个基因），每月产生和修改100,000个基因。然而，令人惊讶的是，到目前为止，很少有定量方法被用来模拟、可视化和驯服法律的系统的复杂性。法律的语料库仍然是通过几个世纪以来使用的相同工具访问的：手动单词搜索和编号段落的引用。事实上，法律的规定不断地被创造、修订和废除，而且通常指向其他规定，无论是更早的规定还是位于其他地方的规定，使法律的主体成为一个动态的、高度内部联系的实体。了解一个单一的规定往往需要意识到的“大局”，和“本地化”的干预措施可能确实会产生不希望或不可预见的“长期”的后果。2013年，议会法律顾问办公室发起了"良法"倡议，"共同目标是使立法为今天和明天的用户服务"。然而，我们根本不清楚，一个简单的项目删除策略（如标准的繁文缛节或2-out-1-in倡议中所提出的）是否是唯一可行的选择-或者，如果它是一个可行的选择-来控制法律的复杂性。我的愿景是，先进的网络理论，数字化工具和从复杂性科学和信息理论中借鉴的分析技术可以而且应该以前所未有的协同作用结合起来，在法律的起草，可访问性和用户友好性方面建立新的客观可衡量的标准。