NEONATAL ETHANOL EXPOSURE AND DRUG INTERACTIONS

新生儿乙醇暴露和药物相互作用

• 批准号: 2413248
• 负责人: SUSAN BARRON
• 金额: $ 12.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-05-01 至 1999-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2413248
• 关键词: cocaine; cognition; dopamine receptor; drug interactions; embryo /fetus toxicology; ethanol; gait; growth /development; juvenile animal; laboratory rat; learning; longitudinal animal study; neurochemistry; oral behavior; problem solving; social behavior

Prenatal alcohol exposure can have a variety of behavioral and physical consequences for the developing offspring. While the incidence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy may be decreasing, many clinical studies suggest that women that continue to consume alcohol during pregnancy are also more likely to consume other drugs as well. One of the more frequent drug combinations consumed is alcohol and cocaine. The purpose of this application is to use a rodent model to assess the effects of "third trimester" exposure to this drug combination. The third trimester is a period of rapid CNS growth and proliferation commonly known as the "brain growth spurt" and evidence suggests that the CNS is vulnerable to injury during this period. In rats, the analogous period of development actually occurs during the first two weeks after birth. Therefore, in order to study"third trimester" effects, the drugs must be given to the neonatal rat. An artificial-rearing procedure will be employed in which pups are implanted with an intragastric cannula an fed a milk formula with the drug added to the milk. A major advantage of this artificial rearing procedure is that it allows the amount of food consumed (and drug consumed) to be controlled by the experimenter. This allows complete control over drug exposure without any concomitant undernutrition or change in maternal behavior. Alcohol and cocaine will be administered both separately and in various combinations to allow us to study the interactive effects of these drugs on development. Many of the studies will focus on clinically- relevant behaviors that are believed to be sensitive to prenatal/neonatal exposure to one of these drugs. This strategy will allow us to focus on the possible interactions when exposure occurs to known quantities of both of these drugs. In addition, tasks that have not yet been examined following neonatal ethanol or cocaine exposure have been proposed. The results from these studies should provide important information regarding the interactive effects of neonatal exposure to ethanol and cocaine as well as providing new information regarding the effects of neonatal exposure to each of these drugs independently. These findings should also provide a basis for further direction regarding the mechanisms for these drugs effects during early development.

产前酒精暴露会对胎儿的行为和身体产生多种影响， 对发育中的后代的影响。 虽然酒精的发病率 怀孕期间的消费可能会减少，许多临床研究 这表明，在怀孕期间继续饮酒的妇女 也更有可能服用其他药物。 最常见的一种 所消耗的药物组合是酒精和可卡因。 这样做的目的 应用是使用啮齿动物模型来评估“第三次”的影响。 三个月的”暴露量 妊娠晚期是一个 中枢神经系统快速生长和增殖的时期，通常称为“脑 生长突增”，有证据表明中枢神经系统易受损伤 在此期间 在老鼠身上，类似的发育期实际上 发生在出生后的头两周。 因此为了 研究“晚期妊娠”的影响，药物必须给予新生儿 大鼠 将采用人工饲养程序， 植入胃内插管，并喂食含有药物的牛奶配方 添加到牛奶中。 这种人工饲养方法的一个主要优点是 它允许消耗的食物量（和消耗的药物） 由实验者控制。 这使得完全控制药物 暴露而没有任何伴随的营养不良或母体 行为 酒精和可卡因将分别给药， 各种组合，使我们能够研究这些互动的影响， 药物开发。 许多研究将集中在临床上- 被认为对产前/新生儿敏感的相关行为 暴露在这些药物中 这一战略将使我们能够专注于 当暴露于已知量的两种物质时可能的相互作用 这些药物。 此外，尚未审查的任务 在新生儿接触乙醇或可卡因后， 的 这些研究的结果应该提供重要的信息， 新生儿接触乙醇和可卡因的相互作用 提供了关于新生儿接触 每种药物都是独立的。 这些发现还将提供一个 关于这些药物机制的进一步指导的基础 早期发展的影响。