N Govella, Ifakara Health Institute, Integrating intervention targetable behaviours of malaria vectors to optimize interventions selection and impact

N Govella，伊法卡拉健康研究所，整合疟疾病媒的干预目标行为，以优化干预措施选择和影响

• 批准号: MR/T008873/1
• 负责人: Heather Ferguson
• 金额: $ 100.99万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT008873%2F1
• 关键词: Govella; Ifakara; Health; Institute; Integrating

Malaria continues to impose a huge burden upon human health despite widespread use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), improved diagnosis, and treatment. The global problem this study aims to address is the lack of understanding of the mosquito and human behaviours that limit the impact of existing malaria vector control interventions like ITNs, but which also create opportunities for new ones to achieve further gains. For example, human exposure persisting outdoors could be targeted with insecticide vapour emanators and vector mosquitoes that survive by feeding on livestock could be targeted with veterinary approaches. Like most other African countries, Tanzania has achieved great success in reducing malaria with widespread use of ITNs. However, many new cases and deaths still occur, with a wide range of regional variation, from 0 up to 27 people infected per 100 tested for malaria. It is highly likely that much of this geographic variability in malaria transmission arises from the exceptional variability of climatic conditions in Tanzania and knock-on effects on relevant behaviours of mosquitoes and humans.I therefore propose to identify, quantify and address the underlying behavioural causes of persisting malaria transmission in climatically distinct geographic strata, so that they can be optimally tackled with supplementary vector control measures. This problem has already been prioritized as an important question by the Government of Tanzania, acting through the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) with the aim of adjusting intervention choices according to the local context to maximize impact. Specifically, I will integrate intervention-targetable behaviours of mosquitoes (e.g. feeding early and outdoors when most people are still outside or feeding on non-human host) and humans (e.g. use or not use of ITNs, time spent outdoor in the evening) into existing nationally-representative longitudinal, community-based surveillance system that monitors vector densities and infection rates in 32 districts of Tanzania, to assess how these behaviours are shaped across wide distinct environmental conditions and provide insight on how interventions could be tailored to local conditions for maximum impact. This study will provide insights into which additional strategies are likely to be most effective on the basis of local vector ecology. This could be a game changer in the development of locally-tailored, highly effective mosquito control packages in Africa, which accelerate progress toward malaria elimination. It will also form the basis for improved policy and practice with respect to effective targeting of supplementary vector control measures.

尽管人们广泛使用驱虫蚊帐，诊断和治疗方法得到改进，但疟疾继续给人类健康带来巨大负担。这项研究旨在解决的全球问题是对蚊子和人类行为缺乏了解，这些行为限制了现有疟疾病媒控制干预措施（如驱虫蚊帐）的影响，但也为新的干预措施创造了机会，以实现进一步的收益。例如，可以针对在户外持续接触杀虫剂的人类使用杀虫剂蒸汽散发器，可以针对以牲畜为食的病媒蚊子使用兽医方法。与大多数其他非洲国家一样，坦桑尼亚通过广泛使用驱虫蚊帐在减少疟疾方面取得了巨大成功。然而，仍有许多新病例和死亡病例，各区域之间存在很大差异，每100名疟疾检测者中有0至27人感染。疟疾传播的这种地理差异很可能主要是由于坦桑尼亚气候条件的异常变化以及对蚊子和人类相关行为的连锁反应，因此，我提议查明、量化和解决在气候不同的地理层中疟疾持续传播的根本行为原因，以便能够通过补充病媒控制措施以最佳方式加以解决。坦桑尼亚政府已将这一问题作为一个重要问题列为优先事项，通过国家疟疾控制方案采取行动，目的是根据当地情况调整干预选择，以最大限度地发挥影响。具体来说，我将把蚊子的可干预行为（例如，当大多数人仍在户外时，在户外或以非人类宿主为食）和人类（例如，使用或不使用驱虫蚊帐、晚上在户外度过的时间）纳入现有的具有全国代表性的、以社区为基础的纵向监测系统，该系统监测坦桑尼亚32个区的病媒密度和感染率，评估这些行为是如何在各种不同的环境条件下形成的，并就如何根据当地条件采取干预措施以产生最大影响提供见解。这项研究将使人们了解在当地病媒生态学的基础上，哪些额外的战略可能是最有效的。这可能会改变非洲当地量身定制的高效蚊子控制包的发展，从而加快消除疟疾的进展。它还将成为改进有效针对病媒控制补充措施的政策和做法的基础。

项目成果

Exploring activities and behaviours potentially increases school-age children's vulnerability to malaria infections in south-eastern Tanzania.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04703-2
• 发表时间: 2023-10-03
• 期刊: MALARIA JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Kihwele, Fadhila;Gavana, Tegemeo;Makungu, Christina;Msuya, Hajirani;Mlacha, Yeromin;Govella, Nicodem James;Chaki, Prosper Pius;Sunguya, Bruno Fokas
• 通讯作者: Sunguya, Bruno Fokas

Comparative evaluation of different versions of exposure-free mosquito electrocuting traps and barrier screen trap for monitoring outdoor densities and biting time phenotypes by malaria and filariasis vectors in Tanzania.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05549-4
• 发表时间: 2022-11-11
• 期刊: Parasites & vectors
• 影响因子: 3.2

Simplified binomial estimation of human malaria transmission exposure distributions based on hard classification of where and when mosquitoes are caught: statistical applications with off-the-shelf tools.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04884-2
• 发表时间: 2021-08-03
• 期刊: Parasites & vectors
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Killeen GF;Monroe A;Govella NJ
• 通讯作者: Govella NJ

Heritability of biting time behaviours in the major African malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04671-7
• 发表时间: 2023-08-16
• 期刊: MALARIA JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Govella, Nicodem J.;Johnson, Paul C. D.;Killeen, Gerry F.;Ferguson, Heather M.
• 通讯作者: Ferguson, Heather M.

Additional file 1 of Simplified binomial estimation of human malaria transmission exposure distributions based on hard classification of where and when mosquitoes are caught: statistical applications with off-the-shelf tools

基于蚊子捕捉地点和时间的硬分类的人类疟疾传播暴露分布的简化二项式估计的附加文件 1：使用现成工具的统计应用

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15102801
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Killeen G